NSSDC/WDC-A-R&S 88-13 MICHIGAN CATALOGUE OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL SPECTRAL TYPES FOR THE HD STARS VOLUME 4, DECLINATIONS -26.0 TO -12.0 DEGREES (Houk and Smith-Moore 1988) Documentation for the Machine-Readable Version Wayne H. Warren Jr. September 1988 National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC)/ World Data Center A for Rockets and Satellites (WDC-A-R&S) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771 ABSTRACT ________ The machine-readable version of the catalog, as it is currently being distributed from the Astronomical Data Center, is described. This volume of the catalog contains all HD stars in the declination range -26 degrees up to and including -12 degrees (equinox 1900) and is part of a series of catalogs in the University of Michigan program of systematic reclassification in the MK system of the entire "Henry Draper Catalogue" (HD). Abstract ii TABLE OF CONTENTS _________________ 1.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Source Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.0 STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1 File Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Catalog (File 1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.3 Remarks (File 2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.0 HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1 Remarks and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.3 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 APPENDIX A. INTRODUCTION AND PLATE CODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Table of Contents iii LIST OF TABLES ______________ Table 1. Summary Description of Catalog Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Table 2. Data File Record Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Table 3. Remarks File Record Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 List of Tables iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION _________________ 1.1 DESCRIPTION ________________ This document describes the machine-readable version of Volume 4 of the University of Michigan systematic reclassification program for stars of "The Henry Draper Catalogue". The other volumes of this series published to date include Volume 1 (Houk and Cowley 1975) covering -90.0 degrees up to and including -53.0 degrees (equinox 1900), Volume 2 (Houk 1978) covering -53.0 degrees up to and including -40.0 degrees (equinox 1900), and Volume 3 (Houk 1982) covering -40.0 degrees up to including -26 degrees (equinox 1900). The machine-readable versions of the above volumes are documented by Nagy (1979), Warren (1981) and Hill (1983), respectively. The data content of the present volume follows that of the previous one exactly except, of course, that the Durchmusterung source catalog changes from the "Cordoba Durchmusterung" (CD or CoD) (Thome 1892-1932) to the "Southern Durchmusterung" (SD) (Schoenfeld 1886) as one crosses the boundary -22.0 degrees of declination. This document describes the machine-readable version of the "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Volume 4", as it is currently being distributed from the Astronomical Data Center (ADC). It is intended to enable users to read and process the data without problems and guesswork. For additional details concerning the spectral classification (standards, spectral qualities and averaging, notation, classification criteria, etc.) users should consult the introductions to the source reference and to Volume 1 of the series. A COPY OF THIS DOCUMENT SHOULD BE TRANSMITTED TO ANY RECIPIENT OF THE MACHINE-READABLE CATALOG ORIGINATING FROM THE ADC. 1.2 SOURCE REFERENCE _____________________ Houk, N. and Smith-Moore, M. 1988, "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars", Volume 4, Declinations -26.0 to -12.0 degrees (Ann Arbor: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan). Introduction 1 2.0 STRUCTURE ______________ 2.1 FILE SUMMARY _________________ The machine version of the "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Volume 4" consists of two files. Table 1 gives the machine-independent file attributes. All logical records are of fixed length, and if the catalog is received on magnetic tape, it will contain blocks of fixed length (as noted below) except that the last block may be short. The first file contains the basic data of the catalog, while the second contains the notes for particular stars, as flagged in the individual records of the first file. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars | | Volume 4 | | (Houk and Smith-Moore 1988) | +---------+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | File | Contents | Record | Logical Record |Total Number of | | | | Format | Length |Logical Records | +---------+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | | | 1 | Data | FB | 127 | 33301 | | 2 | Remarks | FB | 375 | 5143 | | | | | | | +---------+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+ Table 1. Summary Description of Catalog Files: FB = Fixed length blocks (last may be short). The information contained in the above table is sufficient for a user to describe the indigenous characteristics of the machine-readable version of the "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Volume 4" to a computer. Information easily varied from installation to installation, such as block size (physical record length), blocking factor (number of logical records per physical record), total number of blocks, density, number of tracks, and character coding (ASCII, EBCDIC) for tapes, is not included, but should always accompany secondary copies if any are supplied to other users or installations. Structure 2 2.2 CATALOG (FILE 1 OF 2) __________________________ This file contains the basic data of the catalog, which are the MK types of the program stars. The observational plate material and classification criteria are described in the source reference. +---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------------------------------+ | Byte(s) | Units |Suggested| Default | Data | | | | Format | Value | | +---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------------------------------+ | 1-6 | --- | I6 | --- | HD number | | 7 | --- | A1 | --- | Spectral-type code for lower case | | 8 | --- | A1 | --- | Spectral-type code for HD types | | 9-25 | --- | A17 | --- | Spectral classification | | 26 | --- | 1X | --- | Blank | | 27 | --- | A1 | --- | Spectral-type code for average | | 28 | --- | I1 | --- | Quality code | | 29-33 | --- | A5 | --- | Remarks codes | | 34 | --- | 1X | --- | Blank | | 35-40 | mag |F6.2 (A6)| 99.99 | Photographic magnitude | | 41 | --- | A1 | --- | Variability code | | 42-44 | hours | I3 | --- | RA hours, equinox 1900 | | 45-47 | min | I3 | --- | RA minutes | | 48-52 | sec | F5.1 | --- | RA seconds | | 53 | --- | 1X | --- | Blank | | 54 | --- | A1 | --- | Sign of declination, equinox 1900 | | 55-56 | deg | I2 | --- | Dec degrees | | 57-59 | arcmin | I3 | --- | Dec arcminutes | | 60-62 | arcsec | I3 | --- | Dec arcseconds | | 63-67 | min | I5 | --- | Centennial precession in RA | | 68-72 | sec | F5.1 | --- | Centennial precession in RA | | 73-76 | arcmin | I4 | --- | Centennial precession in Dec | | 77-79 | arcsec | I3 | --- | Centennial precession in Dec | | 80-85 | deg | F6.1 | --- | Galactic longitude, system II | | 86-91 | deg | F6.1 | --- | Galactic latitude, system II | | 92 | --- | 1X | --- | Blank | | 93-101 | --- | A9 | --- | Durchmusterung number | | 102-105 | --- | 4X | --- | Blank | | 106-111 | --- | I6 (A6) | blank | SAO number | | 112 | --- | 1X | --- | Blank | | 113-116 | --- | A4 | --- | Plate code #1 | | 117-120 | --- | A4 | --- | Plate code #2 | | 121-124 | --- | A4 | --- | Plate code #3 | | 125-127 | --- | A3 | --- | Plate code #4 | +---------+---------+---------+---------+-----------------------------------+ Table 2. Data File Record Format Structure 3 HD NUMBER Number from "The Henry Draper Catalogue" (Cannon and Pickering 1918-1924). ST CODE Byte 7 contains an asterisk (*) if the spectral type contains lower case letters in the published version of the catalog. All characters in the MK types appear as upper case in the machine version, although there are lower case letters in certain of the HD types, e.g., Mb and Md. ST CODE Byte 8 contains a plus sign (+) if an MK type could not be determined and a published spectral type, taken mainly from the HD, is given. (Some MK types taken from the literature are present.) SPECTRAL TYPE The format of the field is not homogeneous, although most temperature classes and subclasses occur in bytes 9-10. As mentioned above, all luminosity and peculiarity codes are in upper case characters. ST CODE The character "A" is present in byte 27 if the type reported is an average of more than one classification. In this case, the quality reported is the highest of the qualities used to form the average. QUALITY The quality codes are defined as follows: 1 spectrum near optimum exposure and not overlapped with another spectrum 2 spectrum may be slightly under or overexposed, or there may be slight overlapping of two or more spectra 3 spectrum quite overlapped by one or more other spectra, or noticeably underexposed 4 badly overlapped spectra or underexposed spectrum, but classification still probably better than HD REMARKS CODES See Appendix A for a description of the remarks codes. MAGNITUDE Photographic magnitude, "ptg.", from the HD catalog. If no photographic magnitude is given in the HD, then this field contains the default value of 99.99 (four asterisks are used in the published catalog). The precision of this field varies (byte 40 is blank in most, but not all, cases). VARIABILITY CODE A "V" is present if the star is a known or suspected variable and is not covered by a specific entry in the remarks file. DM NUMBER DM identifiers from the "Cordoba Durchmusterung" are used in zones -25 to -22 degrees; the "Southern Structure 4 Durchmusterung" is used in zones -21 to -12 degrees. SAO NUMBER Star number from the "Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog" (SAO Staff 1966). PLATE CODES Each plate has an identification code so that its plate number and date of exposure can be determined. A table of plate codes is given in Appendix A. A digit in the first byte of a plate code indicates the number of plates used to determine the average spectral type reported. Structure 5 2.3 REMARKS (FILE 2 OF 2) __________________________ This file contains the remarks for stars whose records contain codes in bytes 29-33. The type of remark is indicated by the codes used in the data file. General descriptions of the codes are included in Appendix A of this document. +------------------+------------------+-------------------------------------+ | | | | | Byte(s) | Fortran Format | Data | | | | | +------------------+------------------+-------------------------------------+ | 1-6 | I6 | HD number | | 7 | 1X | Blank | | 8-375 | A368 | Remarks | +------------------+------------------+-------------------------------------+ Table 3. Remarks File Record Format HD NUMBER Number of the star in "The Henry Draper Catalogue" (Cannon and Pickering 1918-1924). REMARKS Remarks in free text (all upper case) form. All remarks for one star are contained in a single record. Although most of the remarks are considerably shorter than the record length, the fixed length is determined by the amount of space required to accommodate the longest remark. A vertical bar before a character indicates that the character is lower case in the published catalog. An asterisk (*) before a word, expression, or abbreviation denotes that it has been converted to a symbol in the published catalog, while an underscore, "_", preceded by an asterisk means "yield" or "yields". For example, the expression "*MU=0.529 *ARCSC" for HD 4747 means the precession is equal to 0.529 seconds of arc. Structure 6 3.0 HISTORY ____________ 3.1 REMARKS AND MODIFICATIONS ______________________________ A magnetic tape of the "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Volume 4" was delivered to the author of this document by Dr. Nancy Houk on 8 August 1988 at the XXth General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union in Baltimore, Maryland. A brief description (one page) of the tape format and some notes for users of the machine version of the catalog were received simultaneously. The notes have been incorporated into this document, while the format description has been greatly expanded here. The following modifications have been made to the original records to facilitate computer searching, to effect agreement with the formats of previous volumes, and to allow for simplified processing of the remarks file: 1. The asterisk (*) denoting lower case letters in a spectral type (vid. byte 7, Table 2) was originally in byte 8. It was moved to byte 7 (replacing a blank) so that the "+" sign (vid. byte 8, Table 2), which was originally contained in the first byte of the spectral-type field (byte 9) could be moved to byte 8. This places at least one of the temperature classes and subclasses always in bytes 9 and 10 for easier searching, although it does not solve the searching problem completely because the Michigan types include classes such as F2/6 V and G8/K1 (III). 2. The magnitude field originally contained four asterisks for stars having no values in the HD. The asterisks were replaced by the numerical value 99.99 now contained in the machine version. This has the advantage that all magnitude data can be read with the single F6.2 format given in Table 2 if one wishes to search on the magnitude field with an algebraic expression. 3. To simplify processing of the remarks file, originally supplied with variable-length, undefined records, the file was converted to fixed length logical records with a length sufficient to accommodate the longest remark. 3.2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ____________________ Appreciation is expressed to Ms. Michele Smith-Moore for carefully preparing the original tape so that it could be processed easily, and to Dr. Nancy Houk for allowing the data to be archived and documented prior to the publication of the printed catalog. Dr. Houk also supplied the pages of the "Introduction" and plate codes from the printed catalog prior to publication and reviewed a draft copy of this document subsequent to its final release. History 7 3.3 REFERENCES _______________ Cannon, A. J. and Pickering, E. C. 1918-1924, "The Henry Draper Catalogue," Ann. Astron. Obs. Harvard College 91-99. Hill, R. S. 1983, Documentation for the Machine-Readable Version of the University of Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Volume 3 (Houk 1982), Systems and Applied Sciences Corporation, SSD-T-1-5069-0060-83. Houk, N. 1978, "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars," Volume 2, Declinations -53.0 to -40.0 degrees (Ann Arbor: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan). Houk, N. 1982, "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars," Volume 3, Declinations -40.0 to -26.0 degrees (Ann Arbor: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan). Houk, N. and Cowley, A. P. 1975, "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars," Volume 1, Declinations -90.0 to -53.0 degrees (Ann Arbor: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan). Houk, N. and Smith-Moore, M. 1988, "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars," Volume 4, Declinations -26.0 to -12.0 degrees (Ann Arbor: Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan). Nagy, T. A. 1979, Documentation for the Machine-Readable Version of the University of Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars, Systems and Applied Sciences Corporation, R-SAW-7/79-30. SAO Staff 1966, "Star Catalog. Positions and Proper Motions of 258,997 Stars for the Epoch and Equinox of 1950.0," Publ. of the Smithsonian Institution of Washington, D.C., No. 4652 (Washington: Smithsonian Institution). Schoenfeld, E. 1886, "Bonner Sternverzeichniss, Vierte Sektion, Astronomische Beobachtungen auf der Sternwarte der Koeniglichen Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet zu Bonn" 8, Part IV (Bonn: Adolph Marcus). Thome, J. M. 1892-1932, "Cordoba Durchmusterung, Resultados del Observatorio Nacional Argentino" 16 (1892, Part I: -22 to -32 degrees), 17 (1894, Part II: -32 to -42 degrees), 18 (1900, Part III: -42 to -52 degrees), 21 (Part I) (1914, Part IV, -52 to -62 degrees), 21 (Part II) (1932, Part V: -62 to -90 degrees). Warren, W. H. Jr. 1981, Documentation for the Machine-Readable Version of the "Michigan Catalogue of Two-Dimensional Spectral Types for the HD Stars", Volume 2: Declinations -53.0 to -40.0 degrees (Houk 1978), NSSDC/WDC-A-R&S 81-03 (Revision 1, February 1986). History 8 APPENDIX A. INTRODUCTION AND PLATE CODES ________________________________________ The following pages duplicate the front matter of the published catalog, which contains the "Introduction", classification criteria, primary and secondary standards, and codes assigned to all plates used to classify the spectra of stars included in Volume 4. By identifying codes included in the data records (bytes 113-127) in the table, the plate numbers and dates of exposure can be ascertained. The numerical part of a plate code, if one exists, indicates the number of plates used to obtain an average spectral type. The pages containing the "Description of Remarks" are reproduced from the published catalog for the benefit of users who do not have immediate access to (i.e., personal copies of) the latter. However, as mentioned previously, the introductory material should be studied before the data in the machine-readable version are utilized. The description begins on the following page. Appendix A. Introduction and Plate Codes 9 Description of Remarks (1 of 4) (Reproduced from the original published version of the catalogue) Further information about 5144 stars is given in the back of the catalogue. To aid the user in deciding whether to consult the remarks for a particular star, the following notation is used in column 3 of the catalogue [bytes 29-33 of machine-readable version]: B indicates that the remark contains the HR (Bright Star Catalogue) number and the Bayer or Flamsteed designations where applicable. (1154 stars) L indicates that information from the astronomical literature is given. In most cases individual literature references are not given; references systematically searched are listed at the end of this section. Remarks are generally restricted to those relevant to the spectral appearance, such as rotation, variability, and duplicity, and generally have included only information about the star which might affect the spectral classification. The entry "emission catalogue" refers to Wackerling's catalogue. O includes 355 remarks that do not fit into any other category. Almost all of these are NGC or IC designations for nebulae or identification numbers from the CoD, SD, etc. R 1147 of the stars in the remarks section have remarks of this type. All 'R' remarks were written by NH in the course of the spectral classification and all are related in some way to the spectrum. The symbols and notation are self-explanatory. We discuss some of the more frequent types of 'R' remarks, in order of frequency of occurrence. 463 stars in the catalogue have composite spectra or possibly composite spectra and each of these has a remark so that they can be easily differentiated from known double stars which also sometimes have two types listed in the catalogue. In 305 cases the fact that the star was visually double was deduced from the appearance of the spectrum (fuzzy, double-lined, or closely overlapped) and the following data were listed (taken from Lick Publ. 21, 1963, unless otherwise noted): position angle p, angular distance d, and magnitudes of components. Sometimes a rough spectral type for the secondary component is also listed in the remarks, but often only a single type is listed in the catalogue, and it may actually be an average of the two components in some cases. Remarks are made for all stars (115) showing emission or filled-in lines, and the lines in emission are identified in the remark. For nebulae the lines in emission are often not listed. The great majority of Am stars do not have remarks, but 81 do. Similarly 66 of the Ap stars have 'R' remarks. For both Am and Ap stars these are mainly weak or questionable cases, and the spectral type listed in the catalogue may not indicate the possible metallic-line or peculiar nature of the star. Unusual and extremely strong cases are also included among Appendix A. Introduction and Plate Codes 10 the remarks. About 50 of the 'R' remarks pertain to fuzzy or closely overlapped spectra some of which are probably new visual or spectroscopic binaries. Almost all of the 53 weak-metal stars have 'R' remarks. In many cases the spectral type indicated by the G band is given to supplement the H-line and metallic-line types given in the catalogue. Slight or questionable and extreme cases are also noted. About 11 stars of widely different spectral types have 'R' remarks because the various spectral line ratios indicate discrepant temperature or luminosity types and it was not possible to arrive at a consistent type. Some of these are certainly due to the composite or closely double nature of the stars, while others reflect abundance anomalies. Still others may be caused by overlapping spectra or emulsion defects. Other smaller categories of 'R' remarks include: 6 substantial disagreements with the HD catalogue, mainly with respect to spectral types; 41 possible Fm Delta Del types; 27 stars with strong CH and 5 with weak or no G band -- these are not indicated in the catalogue spectral types. D The Stellar Data Center at Strasbourg provided a listing of visual double stars. Remarks beginning "undetected visual double" were included for doubles not discovered in the course of the spectral classification, the others having 'R' remarks. 'D' remarks were included for the 1932 doubles having a separation less than or equal to 30 arcseconds and a differential magnitude less than 4.0 mag, since for these the spectral appearance and hence the assigned spectral type might be affected. Spectra classified as weak metal, Am, or Ap were re-examined by Houk to be sure these characteristics were not due to the double. V All variables (322 stars) are indicated by a 'V' after the magnitude. Each has a remark in the back of the catalogue giving variable star designation, type of variability, magnitude range, and period, when these are known. t [Actually a dagger symbol in the hardcopy text. -- ed.] All spectral types (737) in the catalogue taken from other sources are preceded with a dagger. Each such star has a remark giving the reason the star could not be classified on Michigan plates and the source of the classification. All but 120 were taken from the HD catalogue. In the case of types taken from the catalogues by Jaschek et al. (1964) and by Kennedy and Buscombe (1974) the above are quoted rather than the original reference in these catalogues. MK types for stars brighter than 4.75 magnitudes not included in the paper by Hiltner, Garrison, and Schild referenced below have been kindly provided by R. F. Garrison prior to publication. Although the types are preliminary, they are on a more homogeneous system than any others available. References marked with a dagger below were used as sources for spectral types. Stars which were too faint to classify on Michigan plates were not searched for in dagger references, since chances of them being found were small. Instead the HD type was given. Appendix A. Introduction and Plate Codes 11 References B = reference for B remarks L = reference for L remarks V = reference for V remarks t = reference for t [dagger] remarks VL Bidelman, W. P. 1954, "Catalogue and Bibliography of Emission-Line Stars of Types Later than B", Ap. J. Suppl., 1, 175. tL Cannon, A. J. and Pickering, E. C. 1918-24, "The Henry Draper Catalogue", Harvard Annals, 91-99. t Garrison, R.F. 1967, Ap. J., 147, 1003. t Hiltner, W. A., Garrison, R. F. and Schild, R. E. 1969, Ap. J., 157 313. B Hoffleit, D. 1982, Catalogue of Bright Stars, 4th revised ed. (New Haven: Yale University Observatory). B Hoffleit, D. 1983, Supplement to the Bright Star Catalogue (New Haven: Yale University Observatory). t Jaschek, C., Conde, H., and Sierra, A. C. 1964, "Catalogue of Stellar Spectra Classified in the Morgan-Keenan System", Series Astronomica, 28, Obs. Astron., U. Nac. La Plata. L Jaschek, C., Ferrer, L., and Jaschek, M. 1971, "Catalogue and Bibliography of B type Emission Line Stars", Series Astronomica, 28, Obs. Astron., U. Nac. La Plata. t Kennedy, P. M. and Buscombe, W. 1974, MK Spectral Classifications, (Evanston: Department of Astronomy, Northwestern University). V Kholopov, P. N., et al. 1985, Information Bulletin of Variable Stars, No. 2681. V Kukarkin, B. V., et al. 1985-87, General Catalogue of Variable Stars, 4th Ed., (Moscow: Sternberg State Astronomical Institute). L Luyten, W. J. 1955, "A Catalogue of 1849 Stars with Proper Motions Exceeding 0.5" Annually", Lund Press. L Luyten, W. J. 1979, "A Catalogue of Stars with Proper Motions Exceeding 0.5" Annually", 2nd edition, University of Minnesota. L Uesugi, A. and Fukuda, I. 1982, "Revised Catalogue of Stellar Rotational Velocities", Dept. of Astronomy, Kyoto Universoity. L Wackerling, L. R. 1970, "Catalogue of Early-Type Stars Whose Spectra Have Shown Emission Lines", Mem. R.A.S., 73, 153. Appendix A. Introduction and Plate Codes 12