III/137 Spectroscopically Identified Hot Subdwarf Stars (Kilkenny+ 1988) ================================================================================ A Catalogue of Spectroscopically Identified Hot Subdwarf Stars Kilkenny D., Heber U., Drilling J.S. =1988SAAOC..12....1K ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Stars, population II ; Stars, subdwarf Abstract: The catalog contains data for 1225 spectroscopically classified hot subdwarf stars. It excludes central stars of planetary nebulae but includes stars in binary systems. The data assembled include, where available, alternative designations, accurate coordinates, UBV and uvby photometry, spectral types and determinations of effective temperature and surface gravity. Introduction: Prior to 1986 there were around 200 spectroscopically classified hot subdwarf stars. The Palomar-Green survey (Green et al., 1986ApJS...61..305G) detected over 900 hot subdwarfs, mostly in the North Galactic Cap and mostly previously unknown objects; the Kitt-Peak_Downes survey found another 60 near the Galactic Plane (Downes, 1986ApJS...61..569D). These form the basis of the present catalog but new subdwarfs are continually being found by spectroscopic surveys of photographically discovered faint blue star samples; examples are the work of Wegner and his co-workers on the Kiso survey (Wegner et al., 1985AJ.....90.1511W, 1986AJ.....91..139W, 1987AJ.....94.1271W) and of Kilkenny and Muller (1987) on southern discoveries by Luyten and collaborators (e.g. Haro and Luyten, 1962, Cat. III/74; Luyten and Anderson, 1958, 1959, 1967, "A Search for Faint Blue Stars"). Only stars for which a spectroscopic classification exists have been included. There is a significant probability that stars with only photometric classifications can be normal high-latitude B stars, white dwarfs or cataclysmic variable, for example. Hot subdwarfs in binary systems have been included but not planetary nebulae nuclei classified 'sd' since the latter have been catalogued elsewhere. Although there is not a universally accepted classification scheme for hot subdwarfs, it is fairly clear that the main criterion is a surface gravity higher than that of hot main sequence stars but less than that of hot white dwarfs. Also, hot subdwarf stars typically show helium abundance anomalies. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file data.dat 110 1714 Data on hot subdwarf stars position.dat 136 1231 Accurate position and designation understandable by Simbad for the star (added at CDS) refs.dat 132 106 References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: data.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 10 A10 --- ID Star identification (1) 12- 21 A10 --- Bname Designation from position (2) 23- 24 I2 h RA50h Right Ascension (1950) hours (3) 26- 27 I2 min RA50m Right Ascension (1950) minutes (3) 29- 30 I2 s RA50s Right Ascension (1950) seconds (3) 31 A1 --- q_RA50s [ab] Accuracy of right ascension (3) 32 A1 --- DE50- Declination (1950) sign (3) 33- 34 I2 deg DE50d Declination (1950) degrees (3) 36- 37 I2 arcmin DE50m Declination (1950) arcminutes (3) 39- 40 I2 arcsec DE50s ?Declination (1950) arcseconds (3) 41 A1 --- q_DE50s [abc] Accuracy of declination (3) 43- 50 A8 --- Name Alternative name for star (4) 52- 56 F5.2 mag Vmag [8/18]? V magnitude (5) 57 A1 --- u_Vmag [ :] Uncertainty flag on Vmag 59- 64 F6.3 mag ci1 ? (B-V) or (b-y) color index (5) 65 A1 --- u_ci1 [ :] Uncertainty flag on color1 67- 72 F6.3 mag ci2 ? (U-B) or m1 color index (5) 73 A1 --- u_ci2 [ :] Uncertainty flag on color2 75- 80 F6.3 mag ci3 ? c1 or blank color index (5) 82- 83 A2 --- r_Vmag Reference for the photometry 85- 90 A6 --- Sp MK Spectral type (6) 92- 93 A2 --- r_Sp A reference for the spectral type 95 A1 --- l_Teff [ >] Limit flag on Teff 96- 99 F4.2 [K] Teff ? log of effective temperature (7) 100 A1 --- u_Teff [ :] Uncertainty flag on Teff 102 A1 --- l_log(g) [ >] Limit flag on log(g) 103-106 F4.2 [cm/s2] log(g) ? Log of surface gravity 107 A1 --- u_log(g) [ :] Uncertainty flag on log(g) 109-110 A2 --- r_log(g) Reference for Teff and log(g) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): The star name from the original discovery catalog, unless a more common name (such as an HD designation) exists. This has been done even when the discovery catalog gave a 'faint blue object' type rather than a spectroscopic classification because much of the published literature naturally uses the 'discovery' name. Some stars in the data file occupy multiple records. In this case, ID and Bname are repeated for all applicable records. Source catalogues (other than HD,BD,CD,CPD) are: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- HZ M.L.Humason and F.Zwicky 1947ApJ...105...85H LB W.J.Luyten et al. A search for Faint Blue Stars Nos 1-50 University of Minnesota (1955-69) Feige J. Feige 1958ApJ...128..267F TON B.Iriarte and E.Chavira 1957BOTT....2p...3I (V2 Nol6,3 1958) E.Chavira 1959BOTT....2r...3C (V2,Nol8,3 1959) TONS E.Chavira 1958BOTT....2q..15C (V2,Nol7,15 1958) SSII A.Slettebak and J.Stock Astron.Abh.Hamburg Obs. 5,5 (1959) LSII J.Stock, J.J.Nassau and C.B.Stephenson Luminous Stars in the Northern Milky Way Vol 2 (1960) Hamburg/Warner and Swasey (see Cat. III/76) LSIV J.J.Nassau and C.B.Stephenson Luminous Stars in the Northern Milky Way Vol 4 (1963) Hamburg/Warner and Swasey (see Cat. III/76) LSVI J.J.Nassau, C.B.Stephenson and D.J.MacConnell Luminous Stars in the Northern Milky Way Vol 6 (1965) Hamburg/Warner and Swasey (see Cat. III/76) PHL G.Haro and W.J.Luyten Bol.Obs.Ton.y Tacubaya 3,No 22, 37 (1962, Cat. III/74) CD H.L.Giclas,R.Burnham Jr. and N.G.Thomas various Lowell Obs.Bulletins summarized in Low. Obs.Bull. 8,157 (1980, see Cat. I/79, I/112) EG O.J.Eggen and J.L.Greenstein 1965ApJ...141...83E KS G.Klare and B.Szeidl Veroff.Landess.Heidelberg 18 (1966) JL S.Jaidee and G.Lynga Arkiv for Astronomi 5,345 (1969) SB A.Slettebak and R.K.Brundage Astron.J. 76,338 (1971AJ.....76..338S) LSS C.B.Stephenson and N.Sanduleak Publ.Warner and Swasey Obs. 1,1 (1971) Cat. III/43 RL V.C.Rubin and J.M.Losee 1971AJ.....76.1099R RUT V.C.Rubin,D.Uestpfahl and M.Tuve 1974AJ.....79.1406R PS A.G.D.Philip and J.Stock 1972BOTT....6..201P FB J.L.Greenstein and A.I.Sargent 1974ApJS...28..157G PB J.Berger and A.M.Fringant Astron. and Astrophys.Suppl. 28,123 (1977), 39, 39 (1980) 58,565 (1984), Cat. II/239 KUV T.Noguchi, H.Maehara and M.Kondo 1980AnTok..18...55N (in Cat. II/106) M.Kondo T.Noguchi and H.Maehara 1984AnTok..20..130K (in Cat. II/106) UVO D.J.Carnochan and R.Wilson 1983MNRAS.202..317C CBS P.Pesch and N.Sanduleak (I) 1983ApJS...51..171P N.Sanduleak and P.Pesch (II) 1984ApJS...55..517S P.Pesch and N.Sanduleak (III) 1986ApJS...60..543P P.Pesch and N.Sanduleak (V) 1988ApJS...66..297P PG R.F.Green, M.Schmidt and J.Liebe 1986ApJS...61..305G, Cat. II/207 KPD R A. Downes 1986ApJS...61..569D ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (2): Where an RA/Dec designation exists, this has been included using the convention RA (hours, minutes, decimal minutes), sign, Dec (degrees, minutes) with truncation for the last figure in RA and Dec (this avoids occasional rounding ambiguities). The Kiso surveys (Noguchi et al., 1980, Cat. II/106; Kondo et al., 1984AnTok..20..130K) use rounding to determine the RA/Dec type nomenclature and this has been retained in this catalog to avoid confusing the identification in published material. Thus, there are sometimes small differences between the KUV and PG names; in this case, both are given. Note (3): Coordinates for 1950 quoted to second and arcsecond accuracy where possible ('a' accuracy flag); 'b' indicates a tenth of a second or arcsecond accuracy, and 'c' a one arcmin accuracy. More accurate co-ordinates can sometimes be found in the source catalogues. Note (4): Alternative names. The authors have tried to include as many common names as possible for each object but have not exhaustively cross-indexed all possible catalogs. Durchmusterung designations for HD stars are not included although such will almost always exist. Note on (5): The Johnson or Stroemgren photometry. Because these data occupy the same columns, the immediate way to tell which is which is that the UBV photometry has three quantities; the uvby has four. Hence, where partial information is available in the literature (E.g. V and (B-V) or V, (b-y) and m1) only the magnitude has been listed in this catalog and the original reference must be consulted for the data. Occasionally, a reference will contain other photometric information such as RI or even infrared photometry, so it is always worth checking the original source. Note (6): Spectral type quoted directly from the literature. No attempt has been made to put the classifications on a uniform system. Probably this should be left until a clear picture of the evolution of hot subdwarf stars emerges. Originally the classes 'sd B' and 'sd O' were recognized by broad Balmer line absorption and the early confluence of the Balmer series; B types were classified by weak or non-existent helium lines and O types by the presence of HeII 4686 or other HeII lines (see e.g. Sargent and Searle 1968ApJ...152..443S). Vauclair and Liebert (1987) accept the sd B, OB, O sequence as one of increasing temperature and helium abundance but propose a new 'hot sd' category with Teff > 60000 K which overlaps with planetary nebula nuclei, PG 1159 stars and hot white dwarfs. Recent spectroscopic analyses (Heber and Hunger 1987, Mendez et al. 1988) indicate that there is indeed an overlap of hot sdO stars with central stars of planetary nebulae and vice versa. In the Palomar-Green survey, Green et al. (1986ApJS...61..305G) use a scheme which is worth summarizing here because the PG-classified stars are a substantial fraction of our catalogue. Briefly: sd B = broad Balmer series absorption sd B-O = sd B stars with very weak HeI 4471 sd OA = strong Balmer absorption with HeI 4471 and often HeI 4026 sd OB = dominated by HeI and HeII lines; often Balmer absorption present sd OC = dominated by HeII absorption; possibly weak HeI 4471 and Balmer series blended with HeII Brackett lines sd OD = 'pure' HeI absorption; weak or absent H and HeII sd O = HeII 4686 and often HeI 4471 present but signal/noise too poor for further classification sd = broad Balmer series absorption but signal/noise too poor for further classification. However, the PG classification 'sdOB' is a helium-rich sdO star quite different from the Baschek and Norris (1975ApJ...199..694B) helium-weak 'sdOB'. To separate the authors have introduced the nomenclature sdO(A), sdO(B), sdO(C) and sdO(D) to replace the PG sdOA, ...... , sdOD subtypes. Note (7): log (effective temperature). Often this is published as K temperature; we have given the logarithm to two decimal places only -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: position.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 I1 --- Nr [1/6] Number of records related to this ID 4- 5 I2 h RAh Right Ascension J2000 (hours) 6 A1 --- --- [:] 7- 8 I2 min RAm Right Ascension J2000 (minutes) 9 A1 --- --- [:] 10- 14 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension J2000 (seconds) 16 A1 --- DE- Declination J2000 (sign) 17- 18 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000 (degrees) 19 A1 --- --- [:] 20- 21 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000 (minutes) 22 A1 --- --- [:] 23- 26 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination J2000 (seconds) 28 A1 --- --- [=] 29- 48 A20 --- SName Name understandable by Simbad 61-136 A76 --- Comment Comment added at CDS about the star -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 2 A2 --- ref Reference code, as it appears in data.dat 4- 22 A19 --- BibCode 19-digit reference code 24-132 A109 --- text Text of reference -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: * 22-May-1996, by Julie Anne Watko [ADC/SSDOO]: The catalogue was sent to the ADC by Dr. Kilkenny for which we thank him. This document is nearly a verbatim copy of the published text with the exception of the format tables by Julie Anne Watko, and minor changes, particularly the elimination of the first-person references. * 18-Aug-2016, by Francois Ochsenbein [CDS]: Unambiguous names and accurate positions have been added in the additional file "position.dat". 33 problems or errors have been found in the course of this identification process, which are reported in this file. Bibcodes have been added in the file "refs.dat". References: Baschek, B. and Norris, J., 1975. Astrophys. J. 199, 694. (1975ApJ...199..694B) Demers, S., Fontaine, G., Wesemael, F., Lamontagne, R. and Irwin, M.J., 1987. IAU Colloquium 95 (in press). Downes, R.A., 1986. Astrophys. J. Suppl. 61, 569 (1986ApJS...61..569D) Green, R.F., Schmidt, M. and Liebert, J., 1986. Astrophys. J. Suppl. 61, 305 (1986ApJS...61..305G) Greenstein, J.L., 1966. Astrophys. J. 144, 496 (1966ApJ...144..496G) Haro, G. & Luyten, W.J., 1962. Bol. Obs. Ton. Tacubaya 3, 37 (Cat. III/74) Heber, U., 1986. Astron. and Astrophys. 155, 33 (1986A&A...155...33H) Heber, U. and Hunger, K., 1984. Proc. 4th European IAU Conference, ESA SP-218, p 273. Heber, U. and Hunger, K., 1987. ESO Messenger 47, 36 (1987Msngr..47...36H) Heber, U., Hunger, K., Jonas, G. and Kudritzki, R.P., 1984a. Astron. Astrophys. 130, 119 (1984A&A...130..119H) Heber, U., Hunger, K., Kudritzki, R.P. Simon, K.P., 1984b. IAU Symposium 106, 215. Kilkenny, D. and Muller, S., 1988. SAAO Circular (in press). Kilkenny, D., Heber, U. and Drilling, J.S., 1987. IAU Colloquium 95 (in press). Kondo, M., Noguchi, T. and Maehara, H., 1984. Ann. Tokyo Astron. Obs. 20, 130 (1984AnTok..20..130K) Luyten, W.J. and Anderson, J.H., 1958. A Search for Faint Blue Stars Vol. XII. Univ. of Minnesota. Luyten, W.J. and Anderson, J.H., 1958. A Search for Faint Blue Stars Vol. XLIV. Univ. of Minnesota. Luyten, W.J. and Anderson, J.H., 1967. A Search for Faint Blue Stars Vol. XLIV. Univ. of Minnesota. Mendez, R.H., Kudritzki, R.P., Herrero, A., Husfeld, D. and Groth, H.G., 1988. Astron. Astrophys. 190, 113 (1988A&A...190..113M) Noguchi, T., Maehara, H. and Kondo, M., 1980. Ann. Tokyo Astron. Obs. 18, 55 (1980AnTok..18...55N, Cat. II/106) Sargent, W.L.W. and Searle, L., 1968. Astrophys. J. 152, 443 (1968ApJ...152..443S) Stobie, R.S., Morgan, D.H., Bhatia, R.K., Kilkenny, D. and O'Donoghue, D., 1987. IAU Colloquium 95 (in press). Wegner, G. and McMahan, R.K., 1985. Astron. J. 90, 1511 (1985AJ.....90.1511W) Wegner, G. and McMahan, R.K., 1986. Astron. J. 91, 139 (1986AJ.....91..139W) Wegner, G., McMahan, R.K. and Boley, F.I., 1987. Astron. J. 94, 1271 (1987AJ.....94.1271W) Vauclair, G. and Liebert, J., 1987. Exploring the Universe with the IUE Satellite, p 355, ed. Y. Kondo, D. Reidel, Dordrecht. ================================================================================ (End) Julie Anne Watko [ADC/SSDOO] 22-May-1996