J/ApJ/857/111 Stellar yields of rotating first stars. II. (Takahashi+, 2018) ================================================================================ Stellar yields of rotating first stars. II. Pair-instability supernovae and comparison with observations. Takahashi K., Yoshida T., Umeda H. =2018ApJ...857..111T ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Abundances; Models, evolutionary Keywords: nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances ; stars: abundances ; stars: Population III ; stars: rotation Abstract: Recent theory predicts that first stars are born with a massive initial mass of >~100M_{sun}_. Pair-instability supernova (PISN) is a common fate for such massive stars. Our final goal is to prove the existence of PISNe and thus the high-mass nature of the initial mass function in the early universe by conducting abundance profiling, in which properties of a hypothetical first star is constrained by metal-poor star abundances. In order to determine reliable and useful abundances, we investigate the PISN nucleosynthesis taking both rotating and nonrotating progenitors for the first time. We show that the initial and CO core mass ranges for PISNe depend on the envelope structures: nonmagnetic rotating models developing inflated envelopes have a lower shifted CO mass range of ~70-125_M{sun}_, while nonrotating and magnetic rotating models with deflated envelopes have a range of ~80-135_M{sun}_. However, we find no significant difference in explosive yields from rotating and nonrotating progenitors, except for large nitrogen production in nonmagnetic rotating models. Furthermore, we conduct the first systematic comparison between theoretical yields and a large sample of metal-poor star abundances. We find that the predicted low [Na/Mg]~-1.5 and high [Ca/Mg]~0.5-1.3 abundance ratios are the most important to discriminate PISN signatures from normal metal-poor star abundances, and confirm that no currently observed metal-poor star matches with the PISN abundance. An extensive discussion on the nondetection is presented. Description: In this work, we newly perform a sequence of numerical simulations of the evolution, explosion, and nucleosynthesis for first stars with initial masses of ~140-300M_{sun}_. Furthermore, we conduct the first systematic comparison between pair-instability supernova (PISN) theoretical yields and observations using the big stellar abundance data compiled in the SAGA database (http://sagadatabase.jp/; Suda+ 2008PASJ...60.1159S , 2011, J/MNRAS/412/843 ; Yamada+ 2013MNRAS.436.1362Y and Suda+ 2017PASJ...69...76S). File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table2.dat 70 32 Model properties table5.dat 70 72 Stellar sample mr160.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=160Msun mr180.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=180Msun mr200.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=200Msun mr220.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=220Msun mr240.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=240Msun mr260.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the magnetic rotating model; Mini=260Msun nr180.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=180Msun nr200.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=200Msun nr220.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=220Msun nr240.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=240Msun nr260.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=260Msun nr280.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-rotating model; Mini=280Msun nm160.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=160Msun nm180.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=180Msun nm200.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=200Msun nm220.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=220Msun nm240.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=240Msun nm260.dat 26 89 PISN Yields of the non-magnetic rotating model; Mini=260Msun -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/ApJS/155/651 : Evolution of extremely metal-poor stars (Herwig+, 2004) J/A+A/490/769 : Yields from extremely metal-poor stars (Campbell+, 2008) J/ApJ/681/1524 : Detailed abundances for 28 metal-poor stars (Lai+, 2008) J/ApJ/724/975 : Abundances of metal-poor stars (Roederer+, 2010) J/ApJ/742/54 : CASH project II. 14 EMP stars (Hollek+, 2011) J/MNRAS/412/843 : SAGA extremely metal-poor stars (Suda+, 2011) J/A+A/537/A146 : Stellar models with rotation. 0.8