The following document lists the file refs.dat
from catalogue VII/239A.
Also available:
plain copy of the file
with f77 program to read file
into arrays
or line by line
File is also available in
FITS,
Tab-separated format,
or in HTML.
## (from tabmap V6.0 (2016-08-18)) 2024-04-19T07:33:57 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #-- VII/239A History and Accurate Positions for the NGC/IC Objects (Corwin, 2004) #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- #---Table: VII/239A/./refs.dat References of positions (2365 records) # Ref A5 --- Reference code # n_Text A1 --- [*=] * indicate a remark line, = the Bibcode # Text A71 --- Text of note. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |n| |_| |T| |e| |x| Ref |t|Text -----|-|----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2MSP | |2MASS Point Source Catalog, 2000. On-line version via VizieR. 2MSP |*|Standard deviation 0.18 arcsec. There are far fewer problems with 2MSP | |the point source positions than there are with the extended source 2MSP | |positions. 2MSP |=|Cat. II/246 2MSX | |2MASS Extended Source Catalog, 2003. (Some positions from the 1st or 2MSX | |2nd Incremental Releases, 1999 and 2000, via NED). 2MSX |*|Standard deviation 0.30 arcsec, but much larger accidental errors can 2MSX | |occur in the Incremental Releases. I checked all of these before 2MSX | |entering them here. The problems (due to edge-of-scan effects) are 2MSX | |largely overcome in the Full-Sky release of 2003, but some remain. 2MSX |=|Cat. VII/233 AA | |Arthur Auwers, AN 58, 369, 1862; micrometric observations, re-reduced. AA |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec at a guess. AA |=|1862AN.....58..369A AAS | |A.A. Schoenmaker, quoted in dBW and vdK2,3 (which see; also see AAS | |van Herk and Schoenmaker, IAU Circular 2334, 1971 and A&A 17, 146, AAS | |1971 for repeat of N5055). Optical positions for a few bright AAS | |galaxies. AAS |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec. AAS |=|1972A&A....17..146V AC | |R. W. Argyle and E. D. Clements, Observatory 110, 93, 1990. N = 32 AC |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec. AC |=|1990Obs...110...93A AC22 | |AC 2000.2. Stars; and a few planetaries, courtesy Brian Skiff. AC22 | |Proper motion almost always ignored. AC22 |*|Standard deviation around 0.2-0.3 arcsec at B1950.0. AC22 |=|Cat. I/275 ACR | |R. C. Stone, J. R. Pier, and D. G. Monet, AJ 118, 2488, 1999. ACR | |Astrometric Calibration Regions around the celestial equator. A few ACR | |galaxies picked up among the 1.2 million stars. These are tightly ACR | |tied to the ICRS. ACR |*|Standard deviation around 0.03 arcsec (that is not a typo: 0.03"!) ACR |=|Cat. I/263 AE | |R. W. Argyle and P. Eldridge, MNRAS 243, 504, 1990. Seyfert AE | |galaxies. N = 72 AE |*|Standard deviation about 0.15 arcsec. AE |=|1990MNRAS.243..504A AGK2 | |A. Kopff and J. Peters. AGK2. Astron. Rechen-Inst. Veroff. 16, AGK2 | |No. 71. Positions for objects that can be fairly represented by AGK2 | |stars. AGK2 |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 arcsec (but with systematic errors). AGK2 |=|Cat. I/2 AGK3 | |AGK3 (check SIMBAD or VizieR for the complete reference). Positions AGK3 | |for stellar objects. AGK3 |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 arcsec (but with systematic errors). AH | |Brent A. Archinal and Steven J. Hynes. "Star Clusters", 2003 AH | |Willmann-Bell, Richmond, VA. Positions for Galactic, LMC, SMC, M31, AH | |and Fornax open and globular clusters, precessed from J2000.0. AH |*|Standard deviation varies, depending on cluster size and position AH | |source. AH |=|2003stcl.book.....A AK | |A. N. Argue and C. M. Kenworthy, MNRAS 160, 197, 1972. NGC 1275. AK | |N = 1 AK |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec. AK |=|1972MNRAS.160..197A AK90 | |O.B. Aaquist and S. Kwok. A&AS 84, 229, 1990. Position for NGC 6807 AK90 | |pulled in by B.A. Skiff. AK90 |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec at a guess. AM | |H.C. Arp and B.F. Madore. "Catalogue of Southern Peculiar Galaxies AM | |and Associations," Cambridge U. Press, 1987. AM |*|Standard deviation around 15-20 arcsec. AM |=|Cat. VII/170 AMo | |R.W. Argyle and L.V. Morrison, IAUC 5976, 1994. Offsets (9"w, 7"n; AMo | |see Treffers etal. IAUC 5946) from SN 1994D in NGC 4526 for nucleus. AMo | |SN pos is 12 31 29.945 +07 58 36.87 (n=18) +-0.06 arcsec. AMo |*|Standard deviation about an arcsec; depends on offset. AMo |=|1994IAUC.5976....1A APM | |S. Maddox et al, MNRAS 243, 692, 1990. APM Galaxy Catalogue, 1996 APM | |version. Selected galaxies only. APM |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec for small galaxies, up to 8-10 arcsec APM | |for large galaxies. Use 3 arcsec for the time being. APM |=|1990MNRAS.243..692M APMN | |Northern APM scans from POSS1 copy plates. Seems to be free from the APMN | |systematic errors that plague the southern APM positions. APMN |*|Standard deviation for small galaxies 0.2 arcsec, probably around 1-2 APMN | |arcsec for large ones. APMN |=|Cat. I/267 APMb | |J. Loveday et al, MNRAS 278, 1025, 1996. APM Bright Galaxy Catalogue. APMb | |Selected galaxies only. Many galaxy images are contaminated by APMb | |superposed star images, and many others have just plain wrong APMb | |positions. APMb |*|Standard deviation around 3 arcsec. Occasional much larger errors are APMb | |weeded out. APMb |=|1996MNRAS.278.1025L APMn | |A. Naim et al, MNRAS 274, 1107, 1995. 830+- galaxies in the south- APMn | |equatorial zone. Same problems as the APM Bright Galaxy Catalogue APMn | |(APMb here, which see), though superposed stars are less frequent. APMn |*|Standard deviation around 8-10 arcsec. APMn |=|1995MNRAS.274.1107N AO | |Aoki et al (1991, PASJ 43, 775; pos for IR nucleus of NGC 891) AO |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. AO |=|1991PASJ...43..755A AR | |R. J. Allen and E. Raimond, A&A 19, 317, 1972. Maffei 2. N = 1 AR |*|Standard deviation 2 arcsec. AR |=|1972A&A....19..317A ASec | |A. Secchi. AN 66, 11, 1866. About a dozen objects found by Brother ASec | |Ferraro at College Roman, most now unidentifiable. Nominal positions. ASec |*|Standard deviation meaningless. ASec |=|1866AN.....66..161S Ames | |A. Ames, HA 88, No. 1, 1930. Virgo Cluster survey on four Bruce Ames | |refractor plates. Only positions that Ames measured herself used Ames | |here. She took most NGC/IC positions from the NGC/IC itself. Ames |*|Standard deviation 20 arcsec at a guess. Bar | |E.E. Barnard, various publications. Micrometric observations, Bar | |re-reduced w.r.t. modern comparison positions when possible, precessed Bar | |otherwise. (See also EEB, below). Bar |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. Bax | |J. Baxendell. Nominal position for NGC 7088, a non-existent nebula. Bax |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Be | |L. Becker, Annals of the Edinburgh Observatory No. 1, page 1, 1902. Be | |Meridian circle observations. Be |*|Standard deviation around 5 arcsec at a guess. Beck | |S.C. Beck et al. ApJ 457, 610, 1996. 2-cm and H-alpha peaks for NGC Beck | |5253; astrometry based on GSC stars. Beck |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec in both coordinates. Beck |=|1996ApJ...457..610B Bids | |Bidschof, AN 3520. Micrometric measurements at Vienna Obs. Bids | |Precessed from 1890.0. Bids |*|Standard deviation around 2 arcsec. Big | |G. Bigourdan, visual micrometric measurements (1884 - 1907) reduced Big | |by me w.r.t. SAO, AGK3, GSC, or AC positions, taking proper motion Big | |into account when possible. Big |*|Standard deviation varies, usually about 2 arcsec, but is larger for Big | |objects with poorly-defined or faint nuclei. Bige | |G. Bigourdan, estimated offset. Bige |*|Standard deviation anywhere from 3 to 30 arcsec. Bign | |Bigourdan's nominal position for objects not found by me. Bign |*|Standard deviation meaningless in this case. Bond | |G. P. Bond, AN 1453. Micrometric observations with the 16-inch Bond | |Harvard refractor, c. 1850s. Most are stars. Bond |*|Standard deviation around 20 arcsec at a guess. Bord | |M. Rapaport et al. A&A 376, 325, 2001. Bordeaux meridian circle Bord | |positions for PNe, extracted by Brian Skiff. Bord |*|Standard deviation around 0.15 arcsec at a guess. BAA | |Brent A. Archinal, private communication (but also see source AH). BAA | |Open clusters. BAA |*|Standard deviation 5-30 arcsec depending on cluster size. BASm | |B. Skiff, means from several different sources, usually for BASm | |planetaries. BASm |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsec. BC | |R. Buta and H. Corwin, Ap. J. Suppl. 62, 255, 1986. Means of several BC | |sources (calculated by me). Hercules Cluster. N = 35 BC |*|Standard deviation better than 1 arcsec. BC |=|1986ApJS...62..255B BCG | |E.J. Barton, R.R. De Carvalho, and M.J. Geller. AJ 116, 1573, 1998. BCG | |About 500 galaxies in or near compact groups. BCG |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. BCG |=|1998AJ....116.1573B BCGP | |Barbieri, C., Capaccioli, M., Ganz, R., and Pinto, G. AJ 77, 444, BCGP | |1972. Radio sources. BCGP |*|Standard deviation about 0.4 arcsec. BCGP |=|1972AJ.....77..444B BI | |W.A. Baan and J.A. Irwin. ApJ 446, 602, 1995. 1412.1 and 1655.2 MHz BI | |observations of the unresolved nuclear source in NGC 3079. BI |*|Standard deviation around 0.3-0.4 arcsec. BI |=|1995ApJ...446..602B BJM | |B.J. McNamara. PASP, 83, 491, 1971. Crab pulsar from Lick 36-inch BJM | |plates. BJM |*|Standard deviation around 0.1 arcsec. BJM |=|1971PASP...83..491M BPP | |L. Basso, G. Palumbo, R. Primavera, G. Vettolani, and M. Vigotti. BPP | |A&AS 83, 569, 1990. CGCG galaxies, Paper 4 (see VPS). Paper copies of BPP | |microfiche scanned, proofed. BPP |*|Standard deviation depends on size of galaxy, varies from 1 arcsec to BPP | |5 arcsec. BPP |=|1990A&AS...83..569B BSV | |Brian Skiff, private communication. Open clusters and central stars BSV | |of planetaries, measured using SkyView, precessed from J2000.0. BSV |*|Standard deviation depends on size of object. For planetaries, it is BSV | |around 2 arcsec; for small compact clusters, around 5 arcsec; for BSV | |large scattered clusters, around an arcmin. BSa | |B. Santiago, private communication. ESGC galaxies, measured with BSa | |an overlay. N = 20 BSa |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. BSc | |E. Bica and H. Schmitt, ApJS 110, 41, 1995. SMC clusters and BSc | |nebulae, from ESO IIIa-F sky survey films. BSc |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. BSc |=|1995ApJS..101...41B BTC | |Bordeaux Transit Circle. See 2001A&A...376..325R. Courtesy Brian BTC | |Skiff; a few planetaries. BTC |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec at a guess (I obviously haven't seen the BTC | |paper yet.) BTC |=|Cat. I/272 Carl | |D.W. Evans, M.J. Irwin, and L. Helmer. A&A 395, 347, 2002. Carlsberg Carl | |CCD drift scans in the +-3 deg equatorial belt. The galaxies are Carl | |usually in the "reject" file, but their positions nevertheless have Carl | |very small errors. This will eventually extend north to +30 deg. Carl |*|Standard deviation "about 0.035 arcsec." Carl |=|Cat. I/282 Cer | |V. Cerulli, AN 139, 47, 1895; NGC 5898, 5903 micrometrically measured, Cer | |precessed from equinox 1895. Cer |*|Standard deviation probably 2-3 arcsec Cer |=|1896AN....139...47C Cope | |Ralph Copeland, found with LdR's 72-inch. Adopted only for missing Cope | |objects. Cope |*|Standard deviation meaningless. CB2 | |J.J. Condon and J.J. Broderick. AJ 102, 1663, 1991. 6-cm and optical CB2 | |positions for galaxies identified with IRAS sources. CB2 |*|Standard deviations: less than 1 arcsec for 6-cm, 0.5 arcsec for CB2 | |optical positions given to 0.1 arcsec, 3-5 arcsec for optical given CB2 | |to 1 arcsec. CB2 |=|1991AJ....102.1663C CB2o | |J.J. Condon and J.J. Broderick. AJ 102, 1663, 1991. 6-cm and optical CB2o | |positions for galaxies identified with IRAS sources. CB2o |*|Standard deviations: less than 1 arcsec for 6-cm, 0.5 arcsec for CB2o | |optical positions given to 0.1 arcsec, 3-5 arcsec for optical given CB2o | |to 1 arcsec. CB2o |=|1991AJ....102.1663C CBF | |R. Chandar, L. Bianchi, H.C. Ford. ApJS 122, 431, 1999. M33 on HST CBF | |WFPC2 frame. CBF |*|Standard deviation around 0.2-0.3 arcsec. CBF |=|1999ApJS..122..431C CCA | |W. Cotton, J.J. Condon, E. Arbizzani. ApJS, December 1999. CCA | |All UGC galaxies, from DSS. NGC/IC identifications are mine. CCA |*|Standard deviation: 1.2 arcsec (though CCA added in an additional CCA | |error as a function of diameter as well; I've included their nominal CCA | |error as a note). CCA |=|1999ApJS..125..409C CCBD | |J.J. Condon, M.A. Condon, J.J. Broderick, and M.M. Davis. AJ 88, 20, CCBD | |1983. Optical positions for flat-spectrum radio sources. Four CCBD | |NGC/IC objects included. CCBD |*|Standard deviations: 1 arcsec. CCBD |=|1983AJ.....88...20C CCR | |J.J. Condon, M.A. Condon, G. Gisler, and J.J. Puschell. ApJ 252, 102, CCR | |1982. 6- or 21-cm positions (CCR), or optical positions (CCO) for CCR | |bright spirals. CCR |*|Standard deviations: 1 arcsec (optical), "smaller than 1 arcsec" CCR | |(radio). CCR |=|1982ApJ...252..102C CCO | |J.J. Condon, M.A. Condon, G. Gisler, and J.J. Puschell. ApJ 252, 102, CCO | |1982. 6- or 21-cm positions (CCR), or optical positions (CCO) for CCO | |bright spirals. CCO |*|Standard deviations: 1 arcsec (optical), "smaller than 1 arcsec" CCO | |(radio). CCO |=|1982ApJ...252..102C CDC | |P.C. Crane, J.R. Dickel, and J.J. Cowan, ApJ 390, L9, 1992. 3.6 cm CDC | |position for the nucleus of M31. CDC |*|Standard deviation 0.4 arcsec. CDC |=|1992ApJ...390L...9C CFB | |J.J. Condon, D.T. Frayer, and J.J. Broderick. AJ 101, 362, 1991. CFB | |6-cm and optical positions for UGC galaxies which are strong radio CFB | |sources. CFB |*|Standard deviations: less than 1 arcsec for 6-cm, 0.5 arcsec for CFB | |optical positions given to 0.1 arcsec, 3-5 arcsec for optical given CFB | |to 1 arcsec. CFB |=|1991AJ....101..362C CFBo | |J.J. Condon, D.T. Frayer, and J.J. Broderick. AJ 101, 362, 1991. CFBo | |6-cm and optical positions for UGC galaxies which are strong radio CFBo | |sources. CFBo |*|Standard deviations: less than 1 arcsec for 6-cm, 0.5 arcsec for CFBo | |optical positions given to 0.1 arcsec, 3-5 arcsec for optical given CFBo | |to 1 arcsec. CFBo |=|1991AJ....101..362C CK | |J. Condon and D.L. Kaplan, ApJS 117, 361, 1998. Optical positions of CK | |planetary nebulae measured on DSS. CK |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec for stellar planetaries, 5-10 arcsec CK | |for larger objects. CK |=|1998ApJS..117..361C CP | |C. Pollas, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, IAU Circulars Nos. 5076, CP | |5141, 5147, 5421; parent galaxies of SNe. CP |*|Standard deviation probably 1-2 arcsec CSD | |E. Corbelli, E. E. Salpeter, and J. M. Dickey, ApJ 370, 49, 1991. CSD | |Positions for galaxies in two rich clusters, including Abell 400. CSD |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. CSD |=|1991ApJ...370...49C CSP | |C. S. Pierce, Harvard Annals, Vol 8, Part 1. Used only when the CSP | |object is not found (e.g. NGC 1170). CSP |*|Standard deviation meaningless. CW | |Carl Wirtz, Strassburg Annals, 1911. Precessed from 1900, or CW | |occasionally re-reduced from the original micrometric offsets. CW |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. (CW1 | |Identification by Corwin, position from Wolf, List 1 (MW1).) (CW1 | |This source replaced by MW1. (CW1 |*|Standard deviation around 3-5 arcsec. d'A | |Heinrich d'Arrest, 1867. Observed positions precessed from 1861. d'A | |Usually included only for nebulae not found. d'A |*|Standard deviation around an arcmin, but meaningless for objects not d'A | |found. dBW | |A.G. de Bruyn and A.G. Willis. A&A 33, 351, 1974. 6-cm positions for dBW | |NGC 2782 and NGC 4151 (RA's only, not included here, for N1068, N3227, dBW | |and N7469). dBW |*|Standard deviation 1 arcsec or better. dBW |=|1974A&A....33..351D Den | |Denning, private communication to Dreyer; taken from NGC. Den | |This source will be replaced; positions are place-holders for now. Den |*|Standard deviation around 2-3 arcmin. DAD | |D. A. Dale, AJ, in press. DSS positions for galaxies in clusters. DAD |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec. DC | |L. L. Dressel and J. J. Condon, Ap. J. Suppl. 31, 187, 1976. DC |*|Standard deviation around 4 arcsec. DC |=|1976ApJS...31..187D DDB | |D.D. Balam. IAUC 6427. Positions for parent galaxies of SNe. DDB |*|Standard deviation better than 0.5 arcsec. DDB |=|1996IAUC.6427R...1W DFOT | |M. Doi, M. Fukugita, S. Okamura, and K. Tarusawa. ApJS 97, 77, 1995. DFOT | |Galaxies brighter than B = 16 within 5 degrees of the Coma Cluster. DFOT |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec. DFOT |=|1995ApJS...97...77D DJSo | |D.J. Saikia et al. MNRAS 245, 397, 1990. Optical and radio positions DJSo | |for nuclear hot spots in NGC 1808. DJSo |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. DJSo |=|1990MNRAS.245..397S DJSr | |D.J. Saikia et al. MNRAS 245, 397, 1990. Optical and radio positions DJSr | |for nuclear hot spots in NGC 1808. DJSr |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. DJSr |=|1990MNRAS.245..397S DKM1 | |D. K. Milne, A.J. 78, 239, 1973. Planetaries. DKM1 |*|Standard deviation 6-8 arcsec. DKM1 |=|1973AJ.....78..239M DKM2 | |D. K. Milne, A.J. 81, 753, 1976. Planetaries. DKM2 |*|Standard deviation 6-8 arcsec. DKM2 |=|1976AJ.....81..753M DLW | |D. L. Welch, AJ 101, 538, 1991. SMC clusters. DLW |*|Standard deviation 5 arcsec. DLW |=|1991AJ....101..538W DM | |S. Djorgovski and G. Meylan, 1993, in Structure and Dynamics of DM | |Globular Clusters, ASP Conference Series No. 50, ed. Djorgovski, S. DM | |and Meylan, G., ASP (San Francisco), p. 325. Globulars. DM |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. DS | |Delisle Stewart, HA 60. 677 nebulae found on 24-inch Bruce reflector DS | |plates taken at Arequipa, Peru. Used only when the nebula is not DS | |found. Given to 0.1 minute and 1 arcmin in HA 60. DS |*|Standard deviation meaningless. DWFo | |M. J. Drinkwater, R. L. Webster, P. J. Francis, J. J. Condon, DWFo | |S. L. Ellison, D. L. Jauncey, J. Lovell, B. A. Peterson, and DWFo | |A. Savage, MNRAS 284, 85, 1997. Optical positions for Parkes radio DWFo | |sources, taken from the COSMOS/UKST Southern Sky Catalogue, corrected DWFo | |for systematic plate-to-plate errors; or from APM scans of the POSS1. DWFo |*|Standard deviation 0.8 arcsec. DWFo |=|1997MNRAS.284...85D DWFr | |M. J. Drinkwater, R. L. Webster, P. J. Francis, J. J. Condon, DWFr | |S. L. Ellison, D. L. Jauncey, J. Lovell, B. A. Peterson, and DWFr | |A. Savage, MNRAS 284, 85, 1997. Radio positions for Parkes radio DWFr | |sources, observed at the VLA or at the ATCA. DWFr |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 - 0.5 arcsec. DWFr |=|1997MNRAS.284...85D dEn | |d'Engelhardt, monograph. Micrometric positions for a few IC objects, dEn | |precessed from 1885.0. dEn |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec at a guess. ECP | |Edward C. Pickering, Harvard Circular No. 5. ECP | |Miscellaneous positions, usually measured on Harvard plates. ECP |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. EDC | |E. D. Clements, MNRAS 197, 829, 1981. Seyfert Galaxies. N = 14 EDC |*|Standard deviation around 0.15 arcsec. EDC |=|1981MNRAS.197..829C EEB | |E.E. Barnard, IC positions precessed; used for objects not found in EEB | |any of Barnard's published papers. Some positions are exact and EEB | |obviously micrometrically measured, but most are clearly estimates. EEB | |I've found one (IC 5259) that is 2.5 min off in RA, and another (IC EEB | |5366) that may be 2 degrees off. EEB |*|Standard deviation varies, but take an arcmin. EHDS | |E. Hummel and D.J. Saikia, A&A 249, 43, 1991. 1.49 GHz and 4.86 GHz EHDS | |positions for NGC 4388 and NGC 4438. EHDS |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec at a guess. EHDS |=|1991A&A...249...43H EHo | |Eric Holmberg, Double Galaxy Catalogue, 1937. Delta RA, delta Dec EHo | |from main galaxy to companions. EHo |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. EHo |=|1937AnLun...6....1H EJS | |E. J. Shaya, et al. A.J. 111, 2212, 1996. N = 1. NGC 1316 EJS |*|Standard deviation probably 0.5 arcsec or so. EJS |=|1996AJ....111.2212S En | |R. Engelmann, AN 104, 193, 1883. Meridian circle observations. En | |Precessed from equinox 1870.0. En |*|Standard deviation around 3-5 arcsec; there is probably a systematic En | |offset. En |=|1883AN....104..193E ESO | |Andris Lauberts, The ESO/Uppsala Survey of the Quick B Atlas of the ESO | |Southern Sky (Garching: ESO), 1982. This reference is being replaced ESO | |by the more explicit ESOB as I find them. ESO |*|Standard deviation about 5-6 arcsec. ESO |=|1982ESO...C......0L ESOB | |Andris Lauberts, The ESO/Uppsala Survey of the Quick B Atlas of the ESOB | |Southern Sky (Garching: ESO), 1982. ESOB |*|Standard deviation about 5-6 arcsec. ESOB |=|1982ESO...C......0L ESOL | |A. Lauberts and E. Valentijn, Surface Photometry of the ESO/Uppsala ESOL | |Galaxies (Garching: ESO), 1989. Positions revised from ESO, newly ESOL | |measured, or offset from ESO-B position. ESOL |*|Standard deviation about 6-8 arcsec. ESOL |=|Cat. VII/115 ESOLV| |A. Lauberts and E. Valentijn, Surface Photometry of the ESO/Uppsala ESOLV| |Galaxies (Garching: ESO), 1989. Positions revised from ESO, newly ESOLV| |measured, or offset from ESO-B position. ESOLV|*|Standard deviation about 6-8 arcsec. ESOLV|=|Cat. VII/115 EWSo | |R.D. Ekers, J.V. Wall, P.A. Shaver, W.M. Goss, R.A.E. Fosbury, EWSo | |I.J. Danziger, A.F.M. Moorwood, D.F. Malin, A.S. Monk, and J.A. Ekers. EWSo | |MNRAS 236, 737, 1989. Optical positions for radio galaxies. EWSo |*|Standard deviation 1-1.5 arcsec. EWSo |=|1989MNRAS.236..737E EWSr | |R.D. Ekers, J.V. Wall, P.A. Shaver, W.M. Goss, R.A.E. Fosbury, EWSr | |I.J. Danziger, A.F.M. Moorwood, D.F. Malin, A.S. Monk, and J.A. Ekers. EWSr | |MNRAS 236, 737, 1989. 6.1-cm positions for radio galaxies. EWSr |*|Standard deviation 0.3-0.5 arcsec. EWSr |=|1989MNRAS.236..737E FAB | |F.A. Bellamy. MN 64, 662, 1904. Position for IC 4996, derived from FAB | |an approximate mean for positions of 103 stars in an area about 15 FAB | |arcmin across. FAB |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcmin. FAB |=|1904MNRAS..64..662B FAST | |FASTT transit circle. See 1999AJ....118.2488S. Courtesy of Brian FAST | |Skiff; a few planetaries. FAST |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec at a guess (I obviously haven't seen the FAST | |paper yet). FAST |=|1999AJ....118.2488S FBP | |C.B. Foltz, B.M. Peterson, and T.A. Boroson. Astron. J. 85, 1328, FBP | |1980. Markarian 701-797. FBP |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. FBP |=|1980AJ.....85.1328F FBi | |F. Bidschof. (Ann. K. K. Univ.-Sternw. Wein, 14, 1, 1900). FBi | |Micrometric measurements, precessed from 1897.0. FBi |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec at a guess. FC | |H. Ferguson, A.J. 98, 367, 1989, from hand measures of Las Campanas FC | |2.5-m plate. Fornax Cluster. (This and sources FSn and FSs replace FC | |source HF.) FC |*|Standard deviation 20 arcsec at a guess. FC |=|1989AJ.....98..367F FCJL | |H.C. Ford, P.C. Crane, G.H. Jacoby, D.G. Lawrie, and J.M. van der FCJL | |Hulst. ApJ 293, 132, 1985. 6 and 20-cm observations of NGC 5194. FCJL |*|Standard deviation 0.04 arcsec. FCJL |=|1985ApJ...293..132F FGLM | |E.B. Fomalont, W.M. Goss, A.G. Lyme, R.N. Manchester. MN 210, 113, FGLM | |1984. Crab pulsar from VLA observations. FGLM |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec FGLM |=|1984MNRAS.210..113F FK5 | |Fifth Fundamental Catalogue. Positions for a few bright stars. FK5 |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec FK5 |=|Cat. I/149 FKL | |K.C. Freeman, B. Karlsson, G. Lynga, J.F. Burrell, H. van Woerden, FKL | |and W.M. Goss. A&A 55, 445, 1977. Optical position for the Circinus FKL | |Galaxy. FKL |=|1977A&A....55..445F FMu | |Frank Muller, micrometric measurements, re-reduced using modern FMu | |positions for comparison stars. FPB | |C.B. Foltz, B.M. Peterson, and T.A. Boroson. AJ 85, 1328, 1980. FPB |=|1980AJ.....85.1328F FSn | |H. Ferguson, A.J. 98, 367, 1989, from unsaturated PDS scans of IIIa-J FSn | |plate. Fornax Cluster. FSn |*|Standard deviation 3 arcsec. FSn |=|1989AJ.....98..367F FSs | |H. Ferguson, A.J. 98, 367, 1989, from saturated PDS scans of IIIa-J FSs | |plate. Fornax Cluster. FSs |*|Standard deviation 10 arcsec at a guess. FSs |=|1989AJ.....98..367F FT | |J.R. Fisher and R.B. Tully. (A&A 44, 151, 1975). DDO galaxies. FT |*|Standard deviation 10 arcsec. FT |=|1975A&A....44..151F Fin | |W. H. Finlay. A few nebulae found with the 7-inch refractor at Cape Fin | |Town in the 1890's. Positions reported only if the objects are not Fin | |found. Fin |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Fr | |R. H. Frost, in Harvard Annals 60. Used only when the object is not Fr | |found. Fr |*|Standard deviation meaningless. GC | |J.R. Glanfield and M.J. Cameron. Aust. J. Phys. 20, 613, 1967. GC | |139 Bright galaxies south of +20 degrees. GC |*|Standard deviation 15 arcsec. GD | |Glen Deen, private communication. GD |*|Standard deviation 5-6 arcsec at a guess. GDC | |[Unknown source]. Position for IC 2373 = UGC 04409. GGH | |N.A. Grogin, M.J. Geller, and J.P. Huchra. ApJS 119, 277, 1998. GGH | |Galaxies within 15 degrees of 3C 273, most from CGCG. GGH |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. GGH |=|1998ApJS..119..277G GGN | |S. Garcia-Burillo, M. Guelin, and N. Neininger, IRAM preprint No. GGN | |416, 1996 (to appear in A&A). Kinematic center of NGC 5907 from GGN | |high-resolution CO(1-0) observations. GGN |*|Standard deviation on the order of 1 arcsec. GGN |=|1997A&A...319..450G GH | |Gallouet and Heidmann (A&A Suppl. 3, 325, 1971). RC1 galaxies, -2deg GH | |to +26deg. GH |*|Standard deviation 4-6 arcsec. GH |=|1971A&AS....3..325G GHD1 | |Gallouet, Heidmann, and Dampierre (A&A Suppl. 12, 89, 1973). RC1 GHD1 | |galaxies, +26deg to +90deg. GHD1 |*|Standard deviation 4-6 arcsec. GHD1 |=|1973A&AS...12...89G GHD2 | |Gallouet, Heidmann, and Dampierre (A&A Suppl. 19, 1, 1975). RC1 GHD2 | |galaxies, -2deg to -33deg. GHD2 |*|Standard deviation 4-6 arcsec. GHD2 |=|1975A&AS...19....1G GJM | |L.J. Greenhill, D.R. Jiang, J.M. Moran, M.J. Reid, K.-Y. Lo, and GJM | |M.J. Claussen. ApJ 440, 619, 1995. Water maser in the nucleus of GJM | |NGC 4258. GJM |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec. GJM |=|1995ApJ...440..619G GMH | |L.J. Greenhill, J.M. Moran, and J.R. Herrnstein. ApJ 481, L23, 1997. GMH | |VLBA position for the water maser in the nucleus of NGC 4945. GMH |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec. GMH |=|1997ApJ...481L..23G GMKM | |P. Goudfrooij, J. Mack, M. Kissler-Patig, G. Meylan, and D. Minniti. GMKM | |MNRAS, 322, 643, 2001. Optical position for NGC 1316, "derived from GMKM | |archival HST/WFPC2 images". GMKM |*|Standard deviation on the order of 0.3 arcsec at a guess. GMKM |=|2001MNRAS.322..643G GMS | |G. M. Searle, micrometric observations in HA 60. Re-reduced when GMS | |offsets given. GMS |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec at a guess. GPB | |R.E. Goodson, J.J. Palimaka, and A.H. Bridle. AJ 84, 1111, 1979. GPB | |Radio sources and a few companions. GPB |*|Standard deviation about 0.4 arcsec. GPB |=|1979AJ.....84.1111G GRP | |L. Gregorini, H.R. de Ruiter, P. Parma, E.M. Sadler, G. Vettolani, GRP | |and R.D. Ekers. A&AS 106, 1, 1994. Optical positions for "dumbbell" GRP | |galaxies in rich southern clusters. GRP |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec. GRP |=|1994A&AS..106....1G GSC | |Guide Star Catalog, V1.1 (Space Telescope Science Institute, 1991). GSC |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. The final digits (0.01 sec, 0.1 arcsec GSC | |are not significant, but are carried for roundoff protection. GSC |=|Cat. I/254 GSC2 | |Guide Star Catalog, V2.2 (Space Telescope Science Institute, 2001). GSC2 |*|Standard deviation 0.2-0.3 arcsec for stellar images. GSC2 |=|Cat. I/271 GSCm | |Mean of "several" objects from Guide Star Catalog, V1.1 (STScI, 1991), GSCm | |typically for double or multiple stars. GSCm |*|Standard deviation 2-10 arcsec, depending on separation. GSCm |=|Cat. I/220 GSCA | |GSC-ACT. Re-reduction of GSC 1.1 by Bill Gray using ACT stars as the GSCA | |reference frame. Also called GSC "1.3" by CDS. GSCA |*|Standard deviation about 0.3-0.4 arcsec for stellar objects. GSCA |=|Cat. I/255 GSCM | |Dan Moaz, et al. 1996ApJS..107..215M. "An Atlas of HST UV Images of GSCM | |Nearby Galaxies." From GASP images; intensity weighted centroids, GSCM | |similar to GSC. N = 110 GSCM |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec, though occasional accidental errors due GSCM | |to distorted isophotes can be up to 5 arcsec. GSCM |=|1996ApJS..107..215M GSCT | |D.A. Turnshek, et al. A.J. 99, 1243, 1990. 3 globulars, 2 galaxies, GSCT | |from the Guide Star Catalog "using the Center of Gravity centroiding GSCT | |method, mean error 1 arcsec." For stellar objects, yes, but not for GSCT | |these five "non-stellar" objects. GSCT |*|Standard deviation 5-10 arcsec. GSCT |=|1990AJ.....99.1243T GSWr | |R.D. Gehrz, R.A. Sramek, and D.W. Weedman. ApJ 267, 551, 1983. GSWr | |6 and 20-cm observations of NGC 3690e and w (incorrectly called NGC GSWr | |3690 and IC 694), and H-alpha peaks (read from their maps). GSWr |*|Standard deviation better than 0.3 arcsec for the radio observations, GSWr | |0.5 for the optical. GSWr |=|1983ApJ...267..551G GSWo | |R.D. Gehrz, R.A. Sramek, and D.W. Weedman. ApJ 267, 551, 1983. GSWo | |6 and 20-cm observations of NGC 3690e and w (incorrectly called NGC GSWo | |3690 and IC 694), and H-alpha peaks (read from their maps). GSWo |*|Standard deviation better than 0.3 arcsec for the radio observations, GSWo | |0.5 for the optical. GSWo |=|1983ApJ...267..551G GVW | |G.V. Williams. IAUC 6427. Positions for nuclei of SN parent GVW | |galaxies. GVW |*|Standard deviation better than 0.5 arcsec. GVW |=|1996IAUC.6427R...1W GYSB | |P. Guhathakurta, B. Yanny, D.P. Schneider, and J.N. Bahcall. AJ 111, GYSB | |267, 1996. M15 GYSB |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 arcsec. GYSB |=|1996AJ....111..267G GrV | |G. Grueff and M. Vigotti. A&AS 6, 1, 1972. Positions for B2 radio GrV | |sources identified with galaxies. GrV |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. GrV |=|1972A&AS....6....1G Hart | |E. Hartwig, AN 112, 407, 1885. Five new nebulae found with the Hart | |18-inch refractor at Strassburg, micrometrically measured. Hart |*|Standard deviation about 5 arcsec. Hart |=|1885AN....112..407H Harv | |Harvard Annals, Vol. 8. Nominal position for NGC 3097, now lost. Harv |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Hee | |D.S. Heeshan. ApJ 151, L135, 1968. NGC 1052. Hee |*|Standard deviation around 0.5 arcsec. Hee |=|1968ApJ...151L.135H Hu | |Edwin Hubble, Publ. Yerkes Obs. 4, Part II, 1917. Photographic Hu | |positions, refered to AGK1 stars, precessed. Hu |*|Standard deviation about 5 arcsec. HC | |My own measurements with an engineering scale, astrometrically HC | |reduced, generally on the PSS prints, sometimes from the IIIa-J SSS HC | |films. HC |*|Standard deviation about 5 arcsec. HC2m | |My own measurements using IPAC Skyview with 2MASS J-band images for HC2m | |galaxy nuclei (intensity-weighted centroids using Skyview's "examine" HC2m | |command). Most of the nuclei are stellar in the 2MASS frames. HC2m |*|Standard deviation 0.15 arcsec internal, in both RA and Dec, from HC2m | |measurements of Tycho-2 stars in the same 2MASS frames. HCds | |My own measurements using IPAC Skyview with DSS images downloaded from HCds | |STScI or GSFC's SkyView. Intensity weighted centroids using Skyview HCds | |"examine" command are given to 0.01 sec and 0.1 sec, positions from HCds | |"pick" command, or means, are given to 0.1 sec and 1 sec. HCds |*|Standard deviation 0.8 arcsecond for well-defined images, 2-5 arcsec HCds | |for large overexposed images. The 0.01 seconds and 0.1 arcsec digits HCds | |are barely significant, and are carried as roundoff protection. HCe | |My own measurements for very large diffuse nebulae. Positions are HCe | |the estimated center of gravity of the image on the PSS, and are HCe | |adequate for identification. HCe |*|Standard deviation about 0.1 degree. HCht | |My own measurements from HST images. Details in Notes for each HCht | |object. HCht |*|Standard deviation about 0.1 arcsec, dominated by systematic error. HChw | |My own measurements in 1970-71 for NGC/IC objects on the Hodge-Wright HChw | |LMC Atlas charts. HChw |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. HCm | |Means from several sources, reduced by me. HCm |*|Standard deviation usually better than 1 arc second, but depends on HCm | |sources used and centering. HCo | |My own measurements, offset from GSC stars unless noted, generally on HCo | |the PSS prints, sometimes on the IIIa-J SSS films. HCo |*|Standard deviation around 2 arcsec if the GSC star/galaxy is within HCo | |2 arcmin of the object, around 4-5 arcsec for larger distances. HCos | |My own measurements, offset from SAO stars, generally on the PSS HCos | |prints, sometimes on the IIIa-J SSS films. Most are now replaced or HCos | |rejected. HCos |*|Standard deviation is around 10-15 arcsec; larger accidental errors HCos | |are not uncommon. HCp | |My own measurements using the Edinburgh XY machine, astrometrically HCp | |reduced w.r.t. SAO stars. Indus Supercluster galaxies. HCp |*|Standard deviation better than 1 arc second, but subject to HCp | |systematic errors in the SAO positions. HCns | |My own measurements using IPAC Skyview with NEAT/SkyMorph images HCns | |downloaded from GSFC's SkyView. See HCds for more info. HCns |*|Standard deviation unknown, but under one arcsec. HCrs | |My own measurements using RealSky images. RealSkyView positions are HCrs | |given to 0.1 sec and 1 arcsec, Skyview positions to 0.01 sec and 0.1 HCrs | |arcsec. Reference system is AGK3. HCrs |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsecond for small galaxies, 2-3 arcsec HCrs | |for larger or brighter ones using RealSkyView. Probably a bit better HCrs | |for positions from Skyview. HCsv | |My own measurements using GSFC SkyView with the DSS via WWW. HCsv |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsecond. HDW | |E. Hummel, R.-J. Dettmar, and R. Wielebinski. A&A 166, 97, 1986. HDW | |NGC 55. Center of maximum HI symmetry coincides with blue-light peak HDW | |(see G. de Vaucouleurs, ApJ 133, 405, 1961). HDW |*|Standard deviation 5-10 arcsec at a guess. HDW |=|1986A&A...166...97H HH | |H. Howe, Monthly Notices series from 1898 to 1900. Visual HH | |micrometric positions precessed from equinox 1900.0. Standard stars HH | |and offsets are not given. HH |*|Standard deviations are around 4-8 arcsec at a guess. HHD | |E. Hummel, J.M. van der Hulst, and J.M. Dickey. A&AS 134, 207, 1984. HHD | |VLA 2, 6, and 20-cm observations of 16 galaxies. HHD |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec. HHD |=|1984A&A...134..207H HHKK | |E. Hummel, J.M. van der Hulst, W.C. Keel, and R.C. Kennicutt, Jr. HHKK | |A&AS, 70, 517, 1987. 1.49 GHz VLA observations of 75 galaxies. HHKK |*|Standard deviations are better than one arcsec. HHKK |=|1987A&AS...70..517H HK | |H. Kobold, Strassburg Annals, 1909. Visual micrometric precessed HK | |from equinox 1900, or re-reduced taking proper motion into account HK | |if possible. Noted if not re-reduced. HK |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. HKA | |P. Hickson, E. Kindl, J.R. Auman, Ap.J.Suppl. 70, 687, 1989. HKA | |Galaxies in compact groups. HKA |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. HKA |=|1989ApJS...70..687H HR | |W. K. Huchtmeier and O.-G. Richter. A General Catalogue of HI HR | |Observations of Galaxies. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989. Interim HR | |source; most positions are not original. HR |*|Standard deviation around 10 arcsec. HR |=|Cat. VIII/68 HSA+ | |C. Hazard, J. Sutton, A.N. Argue, C.M. Kenworthy, L.V. Morrison, and HSA+ | |C.A. Murray. Nature (Phys. Sci.) 233, 189, 1971. 3C 273. HSA+ |*|Standard deviation 0.2 arcsec. HS1 | |H. Schultz. Monograph, AN 1541, AN 1555. Micrometric positions, HS1 | |re-reduced with modern positions for the reference stars. All HS1 | |positions here are also in HS2, but the offsets are given here. HS1 |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. HS2 | |H. Schultz. MNRAS 35, 135, 1875. Micrometric positions, precessed. HS2 |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. HS2 |=|1875MNRAS..35..135S HWD | |H.W. Duerbeck, Space Science Reviews 45, 1, 1987. Catalogue of HWD | |Classical Novae. HWD |*|Standard deviation unknown, probably depends on original source. HWD | |Those that I've checked on DSS are within an arcsec. HWD |=|1987SSRv...45....1D I1 | |S. Ishikawa, Ann. Tokyo Astron. Obs., 2nd Ser., 21, 437. Virgo I1 | |Cluster area dwarves. I1 |*|Standard deviation appears to be about 2 arcsec. IDB | |R. Garnier, G. Paturel, C. Petit, M.C. Marthinet, and J. Rousseau. IDB | |"An Image Database." Positions derived from scanned images of POSS1. IDB |*|Standard deviation appears to be around 5-10 arcsec. Large accidental IDB | |errors are common, however, and many "galaxies" are actually stars or IDB | |have stars nearby included in the image. IPds | |Igor Pesenson. Measurements using IPAC Skyview "pick" command with IPds | |DSS images clipped from CD-ROM. IPds |*|Standard deviation 1.2 arcsecond for well-defined images, 2-5 arcsec IPds | |for larger galaxies. IR | |Isaac Roberts. IC objects found on his 20-inch reflector plates. IR |*|Standard deviation varies depending on size of object. IRAS | |IRAS Point Source or Small-Scale Structure Catalogues. 1987. IRAS | |I'm replacing these with optical positions. IRAS |*|Standard deviation about 15 arcsec, but varies widely depending on IRAS | |number of scans, position on sky, etc. IRAS |=|Cat. II/125, VII/73 Inn | |R.T.A. Innes, from one of the three lists that involve his Inn | |observations from Cape Town. About a dozen objects; some micrometric Inn | |measurements, some circle settings. Inn |*|Standard deviation varies, depending on observing method. J | |S. Javelle, from IC. Re-reduced using modern positions for comparison J | |stars. J |*|Standard deviation around 4-5 arcsec, but there are occasional J | |blunders in these lists. JA | |Jason Adamik, private communication via Glen Deen. JA |*|Standard deviation 5-6 arcsec at a guess. JB | |J. G. Bolton, PASP 80, 5, 1968. N = 1 (N1068) JB |*|Standard deviation around 0.5 arcsec. JB |=|1968PASP...80....5B JCR | |J.J. Condon. ApJ 242, 894, 1980. 6-cm and optical positions for JCR | |compact radio sources and nuclei of bright spirals. JCR |*|Standard deviations: 1 arcsec (optical), 0.3 arcsec (radio). JCR |=|1980ApJ...242..894C JCO | |J.J. Condon. ApJ 242, 894, 1980. 6-cm and optical positions for JCO | |compact radio sources and nuclei of bright spirals. JCO |*|Standard deviations: 1 arcsec (optical), 0.3 arcsec (radio). JCO |=|1980ApJ...242..894C JFJS | |J.F.J. Schmidt, AN 70, 343, 1868; micrometric observations, precessed. JFJS |*|Standard deviation 2-4 arcsec at a guess, but there may be systematic JFJS | |errors, too. JFJS |=|1868AN.....70..343S JG | |W. Jaffe and G. Gavazzi, AJ 91, 204, 1986. Coma Supercluster. JG |*|Standard deviation around 2 arcsec when position is given to 0.01 JG | |seconds and 0.1 arcsec. A few positions are apparently accurate to JG | |0.1 second and 1 arcsec, and 1 second and 0.1 arcmin; these are JG | |obviously less accurate. Positions apparently accurate to 0.1 minute JG | |and 1 arcmin are from CGCG, and were not entered into the position JG | |files. JG |=|1986AJ.....91..204J JGr | |J. Gretchen, priv. comm. via B. A. Skiff. Nuclei of bright galaxies, JGr | |from multiple short exposure CCD frames with 15-cm reflector JGr | |(3 arcsec/pixel), reduced wrt GSC 2.2 stars. JGr |*|Standard deviation 0.2-0.4 arcsec. JGL | |J. G. Lohse, from NGC. Used only when the object is unrecoverable. JGL |*|Standard deviation meaningless JGV | |W. Jaffe, G. Gavazzi, and E. Valentijn, AJ 91, 204, 1986. Groups in JGV | |the Coma Supercluster. JGV |*|Standard deviation around 2 arcsec. JH | |John Herschel's positions, adopted for large diffuse nebulae or open JH | |clusters when accurate enough. Also used as nominal positions for JH | |objects not found. JH |*|Standard deviation 20-30 arcsec. JHS | |J. H. Safford, from NGC. Used only for NGC 2198: the object is JHS | |unrecoverable. JHS |*|Standard deviation meaningless JJ | |J. E. Jones and B. T. Jones, MNRAS 191, 685, 1980. Fornax Cluster. JJ |*|Standard deviation around 10 arcsec. JJ |=|1980MNRAS.191..685J JK | |James Keeler, Lick Obs. Publ. 8, 1908. Measured on Lick Obs. JK | |36-inch reflector plates. JK |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec, may have systematic errors depending JK | |on the (unspecified) reference star system -- but doesn't look like JK | |it. JK |=|1908PLicO...8....1K JMcA | |P.A. Jones and W.B. McAdam. ApJS 80, 137, 1992. Optical positons for JMcA | |southern radio sources. JMcA |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. JMcA |=|1992ApJS...80..137J JPa | |J. Palisa, AN 3235 (and others to come as needed). Micrometric JPa | |discovery observations for nebulae, re-reduced wrt modern positions. JPa |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec at a guess. JS | |J.F.J. Schmidt, AN 2097, 1876; Fornax Cluster. JS |*|Standard deviation 10 arcsec at a guess, but there are several obvious JS | |typos here (corrected when found). JSMo | |D.L. Jauncey, A. Savage, D.D. Morabito, R.A. Preston, G.D. Nicolson, JSMo | |and A.K. Tzioumis. AJ 98, 54, 1989. Optical positions for a few JSMo | |radio sources with NGC identifications. JSMo |*|Standard deviation probably around one arcsec for optical positions, JSMo | |and around 0.3 arcsec for radio positions. JSMo |=|1989AJ.....98...54J JSMr | |D.L. Jauncey, A. Savage, D.D. Morabito, R.A. Preston, G.D. Nicolson, JSMr | |and A.K. Tzioumis. AJ 98, 54, 1989. Optical positions for a few JSMr | |radio sources with NGC identifications. JSMr |*|Standard deviation probably around one arcsec for optical positions, JSMr | |and around 0.3 arcsec for radio positions. JSMr |=|1989AJ.....98...54J JT | |Juan Thome, Cordoba Durchmusterung. Positions for a few IC objects. JT |*|Standard deviation 30 arcsec at a guess. K01 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K01 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K01 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K01 | |references: K01 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K01 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K01 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K01 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K01 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K01 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K01 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K01 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K01 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K01 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K01 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K01 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K01 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K01 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K01 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K01 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K01 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K01 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K01 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K01 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K01 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K01 |=|1984AnTok..192.595T K02 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K02 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K02 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K02 | |references: K02 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K02 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K02 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K02 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K02 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K02 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K02 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K02 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K02 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K02 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K02 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K02 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K02 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K02 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K02 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K02 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K02 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K02 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K02 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K02 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K02 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K02 |=|1985AnTok..202.237T K03 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K03 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K03 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K03 | |references: K03 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K03 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K03 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K03 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K03 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K03 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K03 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K03 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K03 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K03 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K03 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K03 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K03 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K03 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K03 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K03 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K03 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K03 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K03 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K03 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K03 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K03 |=|1985AnTok..202.335T K04 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K04 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K04 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K04 | |references: K04 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K04 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K04 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K04 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K04 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K04 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K04 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K04 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K04 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K04 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K04 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K04 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K04 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K04 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K04 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K04 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K04 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K04 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K04 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K04 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K04 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K04 |=|1986AnTok..212.127T K05 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K05 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K05 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K05 | |references: K05 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K05 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K05 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K05 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K05 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K05 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K05 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K05 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K05 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K05 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K05 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K05 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K05 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K05 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K05 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K05 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K05 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K05 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K05 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K05 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K05 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K05 |=|1986AnTok..212.181T K06 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K06 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K06 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K06 | |references: K06 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K06 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K06 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K06 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K06 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K06 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K06 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K06 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K06 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K06 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K06 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K06 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K06 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K06 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K06 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K06 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K06 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K06 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K06 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K06 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K06 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K06 |=|1987AnTok..212.251T K07 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K07 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K07 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K07 | |references: K07 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K07 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K07 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K07 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K07 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K07 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K07 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K07 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K07 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K07 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K07 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K07 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K07 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K07 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K07 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K07 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K07 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K07 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K07 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K07 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K07 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K07 |=|1987AnTok..212.363T K08 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K08 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K08 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K08 | |references: K08 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K08 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K08 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K08 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K08 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K08 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K08 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K08 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K08 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K08 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K08 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K08 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K08 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K08 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K08 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K08 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K08 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K08 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K08 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K08 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K08 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K08 |=|1988AnTok..222..41T K09 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K09 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K09 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K09 | |references: K09 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K09 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K09 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K09 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K09 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K09 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K09 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K09 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K09 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K09 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K09 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K09 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K09 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K09 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K09 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K09 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K09 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K09 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K09 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K09 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K09 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K09 |=|1989PNAOJ...1...11T K10 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K10 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K10 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K10 | |references: K10 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K10 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K10 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K10 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K10 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K10 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K10 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K10 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K10 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K10 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K10 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K10 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K10 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K10 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K10 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K10 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K10 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K10 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K10 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K10 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K10 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K10 |=|1989PNAOJ...1...97T K10a | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K10a | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K10a | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K10a | |references: K10a | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K10a | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K10a | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K10a | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K10a | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K10a | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K10a | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K10a | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K10a | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K10a | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K10a | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K10a | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K10a | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K10a | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K10a | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K10a | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K10a | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K10a | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K10a |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K10a | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K10a | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K10a |=|1997PNAOJ...4..153M K11 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K11 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K11 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K11 | |references: K11 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K11 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K11 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K11 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K11 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K11 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K11 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K11 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K11 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K11 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K11 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K11 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K11 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K11 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K11 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K11 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K11 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K11 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K11 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K11 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K11 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K11 |=|1990PNAOJ...1..181T K12 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K12 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K12 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K12 | |references: K12 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K12 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K12 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K12 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K12 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K12 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K12 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K12 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K12 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K12 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K12 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K12 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K12 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K12 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K12 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K12 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K12 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K12 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K12 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K12 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K12 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K12 |=|1991PNAOJ...2....7T K13 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K13 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K13 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K13 | |references: K13 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K13 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K13 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K13 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K13 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K13 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K13 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K13 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K13 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K13 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K13 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K13 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K13 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K13 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K13 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K13 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K13 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K13 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K13 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K13 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K13 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K13 |=|1991PNAOJ...2...37T K14 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K14 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K14 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K14 | |references: K14 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K14 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K14 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K14 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K14 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K14 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K14 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K14 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K14 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K14 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K14 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K14 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K14 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K14 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K14 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K14 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K14 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K14 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K14 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K14 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K14 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K14 |=|1991PNAOJ...2..239T K15 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K15 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K15 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K15 | |references: K15 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K15 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K15 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K15 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K15 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K15 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K15 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K15 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K15 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K15 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K15 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K15 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K15 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K15 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K15 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K15 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K15 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K15 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K15 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K15 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K15 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K15 |=|1992PNAOJ...2..399T K16 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K16 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K16 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K16 | |references: K16 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K16 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K16 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K16 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K16 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K16 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K16 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K16 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K16 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K16 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K16 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K16 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K16 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K16 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K16 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K16 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K16 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K16 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K16 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K16 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K16 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K16 |=|1992PNAOJ...2..573T K17 | |n = 1,17. Kiso Ultraviolet Galaxy, list nn. Complete list in K17 | |B. Takase and N. Miyauchi-Isobe, Publ. Natl. Astron. Obs. Japan, 3, K17 | |169, 1993. Positions for pairs not used. Here are the individual K17 | |references: K17 | |K01 1984AnTok..192.595T K17 | |K02 1985AnTok..202.237T K17 | |K03 1985AnTok..202.335T K17 | |K04 1986AnTok..212.127T K17 | |K05 1986AnTok..212.181T K17 | |K06 1987AnTok..212.251T K17 | |K07 1987AnTok..212.363T K17 | |K08 1988AnTok..222..41T K17 | |K09 1989PNAOJ...1...11T K17 | |K10 1989PNAOJ...1...97T K17 | |K11 1990PNAOJ...1..181T K17 | |K12 1991PNAOJ...2....7T K17 | |K13 1991PNAOJ...2...37T K17 | |K14 1991PNAOJ...2..239T K17 | |K15 1992PNAOJ...2..399T K17 | |K16 1992PNAOJ...2..573T K17 | |K17 1993PNAOJ...3...21T K17 | |K10a 1997PNAOJ...4..153M K17 |*|Standard deviation claimed to be 0.5 arcsec for stars; it is 1 arcsec K17 | |for the smaller galaxies, and will be worse for the larger ones, K17 | |probably on the order of 2 - 3 arcsec. K17 |=|1993PNAOJ...3...21T Ka83 | |J.D. Kaler. ApJ 271, 188, 1983. Positions for planetary nebulae, Ka83 | |brought in by B.A. Skiff. Ka83 |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec at a guess. Ka83 |=|1983ApJ...271..188K Ko+ | |G. Kojoian and colleagues, VV galaxies, unpublished. Ko+ |*|Standard deviation varies from 2 arcsec to more than 20 arcsec Ko+ | |depending on size of galaxy. KAR | |P.C. van der Kruit, R.J. Allen, A.H. Rots. A&A 55, 421, 1977. KAR | |Optical position for NGC 6946. KAR |=|1977A&A....55..421V KCA | |G. Kojoian, P.A. Chute, C.A. Aumann. AJ 89, 332, 1984. KCA | |Markarian 1400-1500. KCA |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. KCA |=|1984AJ.....89..332K KD | |King, I.R. et al. 1993, ApJ, in press (reported in DM, which see). KD | |Globulars. KD |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. KEBA | |G. Kojoian, R. Elliott, M. Bicay, and M. Arakelian, AJ 86, 820, 1981. KEBA | |Arakelian galaxies. N = 203. KEBA |*|Standard deviation "about 1.5 arcsec," but large accidental errors are KEBA | |relatively common (perhaps up to 5% of the list). KEBA |=|1981AJ.....86..820K KEB1 | |G. Kojoian, R. Elliott, and M.D. Bicay. Astron. J. 86, 816, 1981. KEB1 | |Markarian 1096-1302. KEB1 |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. KEB1 |=|1981AJ.....86..816K KEB2 | |G. Kojoian, R. Elliott, and M.D. Bicay. Astron. J. 87, 1364, 1982. KEB2 | |Markarian 1303-1399. KEB2 |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec. KEB2 |=|1982AJ.....87.1364K KET1 | |G. Kojoian, R. Elliott, and H.M. Tovmassian. Astron. J. 83, 1545, KET1 | |1978. Markarian 508-700. KET1 |*|Standard deviation about 5 arcsec. KET1 |=|1978AJ.....83.1545K KET2 | |G. Kojoian, R. Elliott, and H.M. Tovmassian. Astron. J. 86, 811, KET2 | |1981. Markarian 798-1095. KET2 |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. KGo | |P. Kilmartin and A. Gilmore, IAUC 5951, 1994. Offsets (9"w, 7"n; see KGo | |Treffers etal. IAUC 5946) from SN 1994D in NGC 4526 for nucleus. SN KGo | |pos is 12 31 29.92 +07 58 36.5 +-0.3 arcsec. KGo |*|Standard deviation about one arcsec; depends mostly on offset. KHJ | |Arnold R. Klemola, Robert B. Hanson, and Burton F. Jones. AJ, 94, KHJ | |501, 1987. KHJ | |Lick Northern Proper Motion Program: NPM1 Reference Galaxies. N = KHJ | |50,517. Mostly faint (B > 16) galaxies, but many brighter, serving KHJ | |as reference sources for the Lick Proper Motion survey. About 1900 KHJ | |NGC and IC galaxies included. KHJ |*|Standard deviation 0.2 - 0.3 arcsec. KHJ |=|1987AJ.....94..501K KHo | |W.C. Keel and E. Hummel. A&A 194, 90, 1988. Optical and 6-cm KHo | |positions for NGC 2655. KHo |*|Standard deviation close to 1 arcsec. KHo |=|1988A&A...194...90K KHr | |W.C. Keel and E. Hummel. A&A 194, 90, 1988. Optical and 6-cm KHr | |positions for NGC 2655. KHr |*|Standard deviation close to 1 arcsec. KHr |=|1988A&A...194...90K KK | |V.E. Karachentseva and I.D. Karachentsev. A&AS 127, 409, 1998. KK | |A list of new nearby dwarf galaxy candidates. KK |*|Standard deviation around 5-10 arcsec at a guess. KK |=|1998A&AS..127..409K KKP | |I. Karachentsev, V. Karachentseva, S. Parnovsky. Flat Galaxy KKP | |Catalogue, AN 314, 97, 1993 (revised version with better positions KKP | |published in 1999; see NED for the full reference). KKP |*|Standard deviation around 15 arcsec, but frequent larger blunders. KKP |=|Cat. VII/162 KLS1 | |n = 1,i. R. Kirshner, B. Leibundgut, and C. Smith, IAU Circular No. KLS1 | |4900, 4982, 1989-90. Two (so far) galaxies with supernovae. KLS1 |*|Standard deviation "better than 2 arcsec." KLS1 |=|1989IAUC.4900....1K KLS2 | |n = 1,i. R. Kirshner, B. Leibundgut, and C. Smith, IAU Circular No. KLS2 | |4900, 4982, 1989-90. Two (so far) galaxies with supernovae. KLS2 |*|Standard deviation "better than 2 arcsec." KLS2 |=|1990IAUC.4982....1M KMHK | |M. Kontizas, D.H. Morgan, D. Hatzidimitriou, and E. Kontizas. A&AS, KMHK | |84, 527, 1990. Clusters in LMC. "KMHK" is used for positions from KMHK | |the original paper. "KMHA" is used when brought in from Archinal and KMHK | |Hynes (AH, which see). KMHK |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. KMHK |=|1990A&AS...84..527K KMHA | |M. Kontizas, D.H. Morgan, D. Hatzidimitriou, and E. Kontizas. A&AS, KMHA | |84, 527, 1990. Clusters in LMC. "KMHK" is used for positions from KMHA | |the original paper. "KMHA" is used when brought in from Archinal and KMHA | |Hynes (AH, which see). KMHA |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. KMHA |=|1990A&AS...84..527K KOS | |R. Kirshner, A. Oemler, and P. Schechter. A.J. 83, 1549, 1978. KOS | |Galaxies in 8 high-latitude fields. KOS |*|Standard deviation about 6-8 arcseconds at a guess. KOS |=|1978AJ.....83.1549K KP | |J. Koornneef and S.R. Pottasch. A&A 335 277, 1998. Position for KP | |the central star of NGC 650/651. KP |*|Standard deviation 0.005 arcsec internal, about 0.2 external. KP |=|1998A&A...335..277K KR | |K. Reinmuth, reported by B. Skiff for PNe. KR |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec KRL | |L. Kohoutek, M.L. Roth-Hoeppner, and S. Laustsen. A&A 162, 232, 1986. KRL | |Position for the central star of NGC 2818. KRL |*|Standard deviation 0.2 arcsec internal, 1 arcsec external. KRL |=|1986A&A...162..232K KSG | |R.A. Knop, B.T. Soifer, J.R. Graham, K. Matthews, D.B. Sanders, and KSG | |N.Z. Scoville. AJ, 107, 920, 1994. VV 114 = IC 1623, 3 components, KSG | |optical peaks from CCD maps. KSG |*|Standard deviation around one arcsec. KSG |=|1994AJ....107..920K LdR | |Lord Rosse (prepared for publication by J.L.E. Dreyer). LdR | |"Observations ...", Sci. Trans. Dublin Roy. Soc., Vol. II, (Ser. II), LdR | |1880. LdR |*|Standard deviation varies from a few arcsec for micrometrically- LdR | |measured objects to a few arcmin for those roughly estimated on a LdR | |single night. LdRo | |Lord Rosse (see above) offset, referred to object as noted. LdRo |*|Standard deviation depends on accuracy of reference object. Lord LdRo | |Rosse's and his assistants' measurements are usually good to 3-4 LdRo | |arcsec, but larger errors occasionally exist. Le1 | |F. P. Leavenworth, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887 Le1 | |Faint nebulae found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander Le1 | |McCormick Observatory. Adopted only when the object cannot be Le1 | |identified. Le1 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Le2 | |F. P. Leavenworth, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887 Le2 | |Faint nebulae found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander Le2 | |McCormick Observatory. Adopted only when the object cannot be Le2 | |identified. Le2 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Lo1 | |W. Lorenz, Strassburg Annals, micrometric observations. Lo1 |*|Standard deviation 3-4 arcsec at a guess. Lo2 | |W. Lorenz, Publ. Astrophys. Obs. Konigstuhl-Heidelberg 6, 19, 1911; Lo2 | |photographic astrometry for about 180 bright nebulae. Lo2 |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec at a guess. Lo2 |=|1911VeHei...6...19L LB | |R. Love (Nature(PS), 235, 53, 1972) and Bottinelli et al (A&A 12, 264, LB | |1971). N = 1 (Maffei 2). LB |*|Standard deviation around 10 arcsec. LB |=|1971A&A....12..264B LCRS | |S. Shectman, et al. ApJ 470, 172, 1996. Las Campanas Redshift LCRS | |Survey. LCRS |*|Standard deviation around 3 arcsec, including systematic errors within LCRS | |individual scans. LCRS |=|Cat. VII/203 LEDA | |Accurate positions for MCG galaxies from the Lyon Extragalactic LEDA | |Database maintained by G. Paturel, C. Petit, and colleagues. Many of LEDA | |these are from other sources quoted here, but many are new LEDA | |measurements on DSS images. Most of the problems with PGC are LEDA | |cleaned up here. LEDA |*|Standard deviation is heterogeneous, but is typically a few LEDA | |arcseconds, exclusive of misidentifications. LEDA |=|http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr/ LGDC | |J.-F. Le Campion, M. Geffert, M.R. Dulou, and J. Colin. A&AS 95, LGDC | |233, 1992. Accurate position for NGC 7094, brought in by B.A. Skiff. LGDC |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec at a guess. LGDC |=|1992A&AS...95..233L LHH | |P.O. Lindblad, et al. A&AS 120, 403, 1996. NGC 1365. LHH |*|Standard deviation around 0.5 arcsec. LHH |=|1996A&AS..120..403L LJG | |L.J. Greenhill, reported in D.A. Smith and A.S. Wilson. ApJ, 557, LJG | |180, 2001. Radio position for the Circinus galaxy. LJG |*|Standard deviation = 0.1 arcsec. LJG |=|2001ApJ...557..180S LK | |L. Kohoutek, positions for planetaries, reported by B.A. Skiff. LK |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec LMc | |Micrometric positions from two or more Leander McCormick observers: LMc | |Ormond Stone, Frank Muller, Frank Leavenworth. Mal | |M. Malkan, et al. ApJ 237, 432, 1980. UKS 1 (globular). Mal |*|Standard deviation unknown, probably better than an arcmin. Mal |=|1980ApJ...237..432M Mar | |A. Marth. Nebulae found with Laselle's 48-inch reflector at Malta. Mar | |Positions used only when the nebula is not found by me. Mar |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Mark | |E.J. Cooper, "A Catalogue of Stars Near the Ecliptic ...", Vol. 4, Mark | |p. 183 (quoted by Auwers in his appendix of new nebulae attached to Mark | |his reduction of WH's catalogue), Dublin, 1856. Nominal position for Mark | |NGC 7447, which is lost. Mark |*|Standard deviation meaningless. McB | |M. L. McCall and R. J. Buta, AJ 109, 2460, 1995. Maffei 1 and two McB | |companions. McB |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. McB |=|1995AJ....109.2460M McN | |R. H. McNaught, University of Adelaide, Uppsala Schmidt plates or UK McN | |Schmidt plates for SNe parent galaxies. From IAU Circulars Nos. 4726, McN | |5071, 5077, 5132, 5334, 5428. McN |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. Min | |R. Minkowski, AJ 66, 558, 1961. Positions for 19 galaxies in A2199; Min | |offsets from NGC 6166 reduced using GSC position. MCG picked up them Min | |all from this paper. Min |*|Standard deviation 5 arcsec. Min |=|1961AJ.....66..558M Mo | |C. Monnichmeyer, Publ. Bonn Obs. No. 1, 1895; micrometric Mo | |observations, re-reduced using modern positions. Mo |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec. Mu1 | |Frank Muller, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887 Mu1 | |Faint nebulae found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander Mu1 | |McCormick Observatory. Adopted only when the object cannot be Mu1 | |identified. Mu1 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Mu2 | |Frank Muller, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887 Mu2 | |Faint nebulae found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander Mu2 | |McCormick Observatory. Adopted only when the object cannot be Mu2 | |identified. Mu2 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. MAPS | |See R.L. Pennington, R.M. Humphreys, S.C. Odewahn, W. Zumach, and MAPS | |P.M. Thurmes, PASP 105, 521, 1993. Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner. MAPS |*|Standard deviation about 0.8 arcsec for small images. MB | |M.D. Bicay, thesis, 1988. (NED refcode is 1988StanU.T00M....B) MB |*|Standard deviation 10 arcsec. MB |=|1988StanU.T00M....B MCG | |Morphological Galaxy Catalogue, B.A. Vorontsov-Velyaminov and MCG | |colleagues. Used only for missing objects or (primarily) defects on MCG | |the POSS1 prints. MCG |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcmin for defects. MCG |=|Cat. VII/62, VII/100 MFG | |G. Marconi, P. Focardi, L. Greggio, Ap. J. 360, L39, 1990. One MFG | |incorrect measurement for DDO 210, rejected. MFG |*|Standard deviation meaningless MFSK | |N. Metcalfe, R. Fong, T. Shanks, and D. Kilkenny. MNRAS 236, 207, MFSK | |1989. Nine UKST fields to B_J ~16.8. Previously catalogued galaxies MFSK | |included. MFSK |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec. MFSK |=|1989MNRAS.236..207M MGGP | |R.P. van der Marel, J. Gerssen, P. Guhathakurta, R.C. Peterson, K. MGGP | |Gebhardt. AJ, Dec 2002. M15. MGGP |*|Standard deviation 0.2-0.3 arcsec. MGGP |=|2002AJ....124.3270G MJC | |M.J. Cameron. CSUAC No. 219, October 1970. 121 galaxies with Dec < MJC | |+20 deg and mpg < 12.5. MJC |*|Standard deviation 10 arcsec. MW | |Max Wolf. Positions from various AN articles for "nebulae" not MW | |found on DSS images or POSS1/SERC prints/films. These objects are MW | |probably defects on the early Heidelberg plates. MW |*|Standard deviation meaningless. MW08 | |Max Wolf, AN 4207, 1908. IC 4895 discovery position. MW08 |*|Standard deviation 1 arcmin at a guess. MW08 |=|1908AN....176..109W MW1 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 1, Publ. Astrophys. Obs. MW1 | |Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, 1, 11, 1902. Precessed from 1875. (N.B. MW1 | |for List 2, see Schwassmann, source Sn.) The positions from this MW1 | |series were keyed by Evelyn Deen, and proofread by Glen and Evelyn MW1 | |Deen. When an object from this series has been verified on a print MW1 | |of the original plate, the comments column has the type from the POSS1 MW1 | |followed by the comment "(verified)". MW1 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW3 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 3, Publ. Astrophys. Obs. MW3 | |Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, 1, 125, 1902. Measured on 16" Bruce refractor MW3 | |plates. Precessed from 1875. Coma Cluster. MW3 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW4 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 4, Publ. Astrophys. Inst. MW4 | |Konigstuhl-Heidelberg, 2, 57, 1906. Precessed from 1875. MW4 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW5 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 5. Publ. Astrophys. Inst. MW5 | |Konigstuhl-Heidelberg, 2, 77, 1906. Precessed from 1875. Most are MW5 | |in IC2. There are many plate defects and faint stars, double stars, MW5 | |etc in these lists, but the true nebulae have good positions. MW5 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW6 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 6. Publ. Astrophys. Inst. MW6 | |Konigstuhl-Heidelberg, 2, 89, 1906. Precessed from 1875. MW6 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW7 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 7. Publ. Astrophys. Inst. MW7 | |Konigstuhl-Heidelberg, 3, 77, 1909. Precessed from 1875. MW7 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW8 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 8. Publ. Astrophys. Inst. MW8 | |Konigstuhl-Heidelberg, 3, 87, 1909. Precessed from 1875. MW8 |*|Standard deviation 3-5 arcsec. MW16 | |Max Wolf, Konigstuhl Nebulae, List 16. Veroff. ... Heidelberg, 8, MW16 | |No. 11, p. 18, 1928. Precessed from 1900. MW16 |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec. MW16 |=|1928VeHei...8...18W MW17 | |Max Wolf, AN 205, 79, 1917. Photographic position for NGC 6946, MW17 | |precessed from equinox 1917.0. MW17 |*|Standard deviation probably around 1 arcsec. NH | |S.G. Neff and J.B. Hutchings. AJ 103, 1746, 1992. 6- and 20-cm NH | |positions for IRAS galaxies. NH |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec. NH |=|1992AJ....103.1746N NGC | |J.L.E. Dreyer. NGC. MemRAS 49, 1, 1888. NGC |=|1888MmRAS..49....1D NMP | |N.M. Parrish. Observations of nebulae, re-reduced wrt modern star NMP | |positions, quoted in Ormond Stone, "Southern Nebulae", Publ. Leander NMP | |McCormick Obs, Vol. 1, p. 173, 1893. RA's determined by clock, Dec's NMP | |by micrometer. NMP |*|Standard deviation, a few arcsec. OSt | |Ormond Stone, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887. Faint nebulae OSt | |found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. OSt | |Adopted only when the object cannot be identified. OSt |*|Standard deviation meaningless. OSt1 | |Ormond Stone, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887. Faint nebulae OSt1 | |found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. OSt1 | |Adopted only when the object cannot be identified. OSt1 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. OSt2 | |Ormond Stone, in AJ 7, 9, 1886 and AJ 7, 57, 1887. Faint nebulae OSt2 | |found with the 26-inch refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. OSt2 | |Adopted only when the object cannot be identified. OSt2 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. OCW | |O. C. Wendell, Harvard Circular 42, 1899. Micrometric position for OCW | |IC 4816 = Nova Sgr 1898. This is the discovery position. OCW |*|Standard deviation probably a few arcsec. OCW |=|1899HarCi..42....1W Pds | |G. Paturel, C. Petit, Ph. Prugniel, and R. Garnier. A&AS 140, 89, Pds | |1999. DSS positions for miscellaneous galaxies. n = 17335. Pds | |Identifications for many galaxies -- especially the zwicky compacts -- Pds | |are suspect and need to be checked. Pds |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsecond for well-defined images, 2-5 arcsec Pds | |for larger galaxies. Pds |=|1999A&AS..140...89P Pds2 | |G. Paturel, et al. A&AS 144, 475, 2000. See Pds above. Pds2 |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsecond for well-defined images, 2-5 arcsec Pds2 | |for larger galaxies. Pds2 |=|2000A&AS..144..475P Pe | |Peters, Copernicus, micrometric observations. Precessed. Pe |*|Standard deviation probably around 3-5 arcsec at a guess. Pec | |Pechule, various articles, primarily in AN. See IC1/2 for a list. Pec |*|Standard deviation 2 arcsec at a guess. Pick | |E.J. Pickering, AN 105, 335, 1883. Nominal position for NGC 6766; Pick | |claimed to be an emission-line nebula, but no planetaries nearby. Pick |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Pick |=|1883AN....105..335P Pls | |J. Palisa, AN 116, 337, 1887. Micrometric positions for a few NGC/IC Pls | |objects, precessed. Pls |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec at a guess. Pls |=|1887AN....116..337W Po | |Porter, Cinncinati Obs., micrometric observations re-reduced. Po |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsec. Pr | |D. Proust, Meudon Observatory, IAU Circular No. 5134. Pr |*|Standard deviation probably 1-2 arcsec. Pr |=|1990IAUC.5134....1P PA | |C. Pollas and D. Albanese, IAU Circular No. 5040. NGC 5917. PA |*|Standard deviation probably 1-2 arcsec. PA |=|1990IAUC.5040....1P PC | |L. Padrielli and R.G. Conway. A&AS 27, 171, 1977. 4C sources PC | |identified with galaxies. PC |*|Standard deviation 0.8 arcsec. PC |=|1977A&AS...27..171P PCR | |P. Parma, R.A. Cameron, and H.R. de Ruiter. AJ 102, 1960, 1991. PCR | |Optical positions for "dumbbell" galaxies which are radio sources. PCR |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. PCR |=|1991AJ....102.1960P PEES | |B.A. Peterson et al. MNRAS 221, 233, 1986. Optical positions from PEES | |Southern Sky Survey IIIa-J plates. PEES |*|Standard deviation "better than 1 arcsec." PEES |=|1986MNRAS.221..233P PKe | |P. Kempf. (Publ. Astrophys. Obs. Potsdam, No. 29, 1892). Micrometric PKe | |measures, precessed, not re-reduced unless noted. PKe |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec at a guess. PK67 | |L. Perek and L. Kohoutek. Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae, PK67 | |1967. Positions brought in by B.A. Skiff. PK67 |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec at a guess. PK67 |=|1967PK....C......1P PL | |M. Postman and T. Lauer. ApJ 440, 28, 1995. Positions from DSS for PL | |brightest galaxies in Abell clusters. Precessed from J2000.0. PL |*|Standard deviation 1.0 arcsec. PL |=|1995ApJ...440...28P PPAO | |S. Piatek, C. Pryor, T.E. Armandroff, and E.W. Olszewski. AJ 123, PPAO | |2511, 2002. Draco Dwarf. Center of isopleths from star counts. PPAO |*|Standard deviation "about 0.1 arcminutes". PPAO |=|2002AJ....123.2511P PPM | |Positions and Proper Motions (S. Roeser and U. Bastian, Heidelberg, PPM | |1991). M31, M32, M92, N2261, N6543. And a few others. PPM |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec. PPM |=|Cat. I/146, I/193 QFW | |H. Quintana, P. Fouque, and M.J. Way. A&A 283, 722, 1994. Optical QFW | |positions for the NGC 1400/1407 Group, measured on ESO Quick B survey QFW | |copy plate. QFW |*|Standard deviation 1.5 arcsec. QFW |=|1994A&A...283..722Q R | |Rumker, AN 63, 305, 1864, etc. Micrometric observations, re-reduced R | |with modern positions for the reference stars. R |*|Standard deviation probably 2-3 arcsec. Rup | |M.P. Rupen, AJ 102, 48, 1991. Neutral hydrogen mapping of NGC 891 Rup | |and NGC 4565. Rup |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsec. Rup |=|1991AJ....102...48R R16 | |Karl Reinmuth, Konigstuhl plates, 1916. Precessed from equinox 1900. R16 |*|Standard deviation probably 2-3 arcsec. R20 | |Karl Reinmuth, Konigstuhl plates, 1920. Precessed from equinox 1900. R20 |*|Standard deviation probably 2-3 arcsec. R27 | |Karl Reinmuth 1927 list of Virgo Cluster galaxies. R27 |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec, but there may be systematic errors R27 | |depending on reference star system. R28 | |Karl Reinmuth, Veroff. ... Heidelberg 8, 133, 1928. Precessed from R28 | |equinox 1900.0. R28 |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec at a guess. See previous. R29 | |Karl Reinmuth, Veroff. ... Heidelberg 8, 167, 1929. Precessed from R29 | |equinox 1900.0. R29 |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec at a guess. See previous. R32 | |Karl Reinmuth, Veroff. ... Heidelberg 8, 192, 1932. Precessed from R32 | |equinox 1900.0. R32 |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec at a guess. See previous. RC | |Ralph Copeland, quoted in NGC for NGC 295, not found. RC |*|Standard deviation meaningless. RC2 | |Second Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (de Vaucouleurs et al. RC2 | |1976), primarily from GH, GHD1,2 (see above), Cameron, Glanfield and RC2 | |Cameron (bright southern galaxies, all replaced by ESO), Sandage's RC2 | |southern lists, and my own measurements (source HC, above). These are RC2 | |being replaced as I identify the original sources. RC2 |*|Standard deviation runs from 5 arcsec to 20 arcsec. RC2 |=|Cat. VII/112 RC3 | |Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (de Vaucouleurs et al. RC3 | |1991). Not used as a source of positions. RC3 |*|Standard deviation varies between 1 arcsec and 20 arcsec. RC3 |=|Cat. VII/155 RD | |D. Reynaud and D. Downes, A&A 319, 737, 1997. RD | |Dynamical center of NGC 1530 from high-resolution CO(1-0) RD | |observations. RD |*|Standard deviation on the order of 1 arcsec. RD |=|1997A&A...319..737R REds | |R. Erdmann, DSS for NGC/IC objects. Precessed from J2000.0. REds |*|Standard deviation on the order of 1 arcsec. RG | |R.F. Griffin, AJ 68, 421, 1963. Galaxies in the fields of 3C sources. RG |*|Standard deviation 0.3 arcsec. RG |=|1963AJ.....68..421G RGMH | |R. Giovanelli, M. Haynes, and colleagues; various papers. RGMH |*|Standard deviation about 6 arcsec. RGO | |Royal Greenwich Observatory, (Dreyer?), MNRAS 71, 509, 1911. RGO | |Photographic positions for far northern galaxies poorly observed by RGO | |the Herschels, precessed from equinox 1900.0. RGO |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec at a guess, though there could be RGO | |systematic offsets depending on reference system. RGO |=|1911MNRAS..71..509. RH | |O.-G. Richter, W.K. Huchtmeier, and colleagues. Optical positions for RH | |galaxies in their HI Catalogue and/or various papers. RH |*|Standard deviation 8-10 arcsec. RL | |G.H. Rieke and F.J. Low. ApJ 176, L95, 1972. 10-um position for RL | |nucleus of NGC 253. RL |*|Standard deviation around 1 arcsec. RL |=|1972ApJ...176L..95R RLT | |G.H. Rieke, M.J. Lebofksy, R.I. Thompson, F.J. Low, and A.T. Tokunaga. RLT | |ApJ 238, 24, 1980. 2.2-um position for M82, "about 3 arcsec off the RLT | |visual peak." RLT |*|Standard deviation 1.5 arcsec. RLT |=|1980ApJ...238...24R RSA | |Allan Sandage and Gustav A. Tammann. The Revised Shapley-Ames RSA | |Catalogue ..., Carnegie Publication #635, second edition, 1987. RSA |*|Standard deviation around 10 arcsec. RSA |=|Cat. VII/51 RWH | |R.W. Hunstead. MNRAS 152, 277, 1971. Optical positions for radio RWH | |point sources. Four bright galaxies (plus fainter not entered). RWH |*|Standard deviation 0.4 arcsec. RWH |=|1971MNRAS.152..277H RTBB | |H.J.A. Rottgering, Y. Tang, M.A.R. Bremer, A.G. de Bruyn, G.K. Miley, RTBB | |R.B. Rengelink, M.N. Bremer. MNRAS 282, 1033, 1996. 325 MHz position RTBB | |for Markarian 1498 = WN 1626+5153. RTBB |*|Standard deviation 4 arcsec. RTBB |=|1996MNRAS.282.1033R Sf | |Schoenfeld, micrometric observations, inferred from other lists until Sf | |I can find a copy of his papers. Sf |*|Standard deviation looks to be around 3 arcsec. Sn | |Schwassmann, A. Publ. Astrophys. Obs. Konigstuhl-Heidelberg 1, 17, Sn | |1902. Precessed from equinox 1900.0. Virgo Cluster area. Sn |*|Standard deviation about 3-5 arcsec. Spt | |R. Spitaler, various publications referenced in NGC and IC. Spt | |Micrometric positions re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc. Spt |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. St1 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St1 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St1 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St1 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St1 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St1 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St1 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St1 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St1 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St1 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St1 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St1 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St1 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St1 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St1 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St1 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St1 | | AN 2661. St1 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St2 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St2 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St2 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St2 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St2 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St2 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St2 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St2 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St2 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St2 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St2 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St2 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St2 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St2 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St2 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St2 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St2 | | AN 2661. St2 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St3 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St3 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St3 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St3 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St3 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St3 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St3 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St3 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St3 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St3 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St3 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St3 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St3 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St3 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St3 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St3 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St3 | | AN 2661. St3 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St4 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St4 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St4 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St4 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St4 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St4 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St4 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St4 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St4 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St4 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St4 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St4 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St4 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St4 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St4 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St4 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St4 | | AN 2661. St4 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St5 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St5 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St5 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St5 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St5 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St5 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St5 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St5 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St5 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St5 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St5 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St5 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St5 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St5 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St5 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St5 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St5 | | AN 2661. St5 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St6 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St6 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St6 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St6 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St6 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St6 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St6 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St6 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St6 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St6 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St6 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St6 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St6 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St6 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St6 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St6 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St6 | | AN 2661. St6 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St7 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St7 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St7 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St7 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St7 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St7 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St7 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St7 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St7 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St7 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St7 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St7 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St7 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St7 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St7 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St7 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St7 | | AN 2661. St7 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St8 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St8 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St8 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St8 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St8 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St8 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St8 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St8 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St8 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St8 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St8 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St8 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St8 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St8 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St8 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St8 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St8 | | AN 2661. St8 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St9 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St9 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St9 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St9 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St9 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St9 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St9 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St9 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St9 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St9 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St9 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St9 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St9 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St9 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St9 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St9 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St9 | | AN 2661. St9 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St10 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St10 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St10 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St10 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St10 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St10 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St10 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St10 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St10 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St10 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St10 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St10 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St10 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St10 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St10 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St10 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St10 | | AN 2661. St10 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St11 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St11 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St11 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St11 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St11 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St11 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St11 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St11 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St11 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St11 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St11 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St11 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St11 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St11 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St11 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St11 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St11 | | AN 2661. St11 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St12 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St12 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St12 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St12 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St12 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St12 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St12 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St12 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St12 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St12 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St12 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St12 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St12 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St12 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St12 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St12 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St12 | | AN 2661. St12 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. St13 | |E. Stephan's original lists, n = 1 - 13. Micrometric positions, St13 | |re-reduced wrt GSC/SAO/PPM/Tycho-2 etc, or precessed. St13 | |St1 = AN 76, xxx, 18xx = AN 1810; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St13 | |St2 = AN 78, xxx, 18xx = AN 1867; and MNRAS 32, 23, 18xx St13 | |St3 = AN 79, xxx, 18xx = AN 1876; and MNRAS 32, 231, 18xx St13 | |St4 = AN 81, xxx, 18xx = AN 1939; and MNRAS 33, 433, 18xx St13 | |St5 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1972; and MNRAS 34, 75, 18xx St13 | |St6 = AN 83, xxx, 18xx = AN 1977 St13 | |St7 = CR 83, 328, 18xx St13 | |St8 = MNRAS 37, 334, 18xx St13 | |St9 = CR 87, 869, 18xx St13 | |St10 = CR 90, 837, 18xx St13 | |St11 = CR 92, 1128, 18xx; ibid p. 1183; ibid p. 1260; and AN 100, St13 | | xxx, 18xx = AN 2390. St13 | |St12 = CR 94, 546; 18xx; ibid p. 609; and AN 105, xxx, 18xx = AN 2502. St13 | |St13 = CR 100, 1043, 18xx; ibid p. 1107; and AN 111, 321, 1885 = St13 | | AN 2661. St13 |*|Standard deviation about 2-3 arcsec. Sxy | |Carl Seyfert's dx, dy measurements refered to mean position of NGC Sxy | |6027 for other members in the group (PASP 63, 72, 1951). N = 5 Sxy |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. Sw1 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw1 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw1 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw2 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw2 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw2 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw3 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw3 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw3 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw4 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw4 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw4 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw5 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw5 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw5 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw6 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw6 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw6 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw7 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw7 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw7 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw8 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw8 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw8 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw9 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw9 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw9 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw10 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw10 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw10 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw11 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw11 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw11 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Sw12 | |Lewis Swift's original lists, n = 1 - 12. Adopted only when the Sw12 | |object in question is not found by me. Nominal positions only. Sw12 |*|Standard deviation meaningless. SAO | |SAO position adopted. Used for a few non-stellar objects, primarily SAO | |planetaries or stars in clusters or in the center of diffuse nebulae. SAO | |Also used for a few stars thought by the original observer to be SAO | |nebulous -- nebulae may or may not be present on modern photographs. SAO |*|Standard deviation 0.3 to 1.0 arcsec. SAO |=|Cat. I/131 SBC | |J.L. Sersic, E. Bajaja, and R. Colomb. A&A 59, 19, 1977. N2915. SBC |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec (N.B. Sec of RA is wrong in SBC's SBC | |Table 2.) SBC |=|1977A&A....59...19S SBG1 | |N. Santagata, L. Basso, M. Gottardi, G. Palumbo, and G. Vettolani. SBG1 | |A&AS 70, 189, 1987. CGCG galaxies, Paper 2 (see VPS). From machine SBG1 | |readable files sent by G. Palumbo. SBG1 |*|Standard deviation depends on size of galaxy, varies from 1 arcsec to SBG1 | |5 arcsec. SBG1 |=|1987A&AS...70..189S SBG2 | |N. Santagata, L. Basso, M. Gottardi, G. Palumbo, G. Vettolani, and SBG2 | |M. Vigotti. A&AS 70, 191, 1987. CGCG galaxies, Paper 3 (see VPS). SBG2 | |From machine readable files sent by G. Palumbo. SBG2 |*|Standard deviation depends on size of galaxy, varies from 1 arcsec to SBG2 | |5 arcsec. SBG2 |=|1987A&AS...70..191S SBIB | |D. Sprayberry, G.M. Bernstein, C.D. Impey, G.D. Bothun. ApJ, 438, 72, SBIB | |1995. Low surface brightness galaxies. SBIB |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. SBIB |=|1995ApJ...438...72S SC | |Sidney Coolidge. AN 1453. Positions for ``nebulae'', apparently SC | |micrometrically measured; or for nebulae not found by me. SC |*|Standard deviation looks to be around 5 arcsec (or meaningless if not SC | |found). SCO | |S.C. Odewahn, PhD thesis, Univ of Texas, 1989. Position for NGC 2366 SCO | |from isophotes. SCO |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec at a guess. SCOS | |N.C. Hambly, A.C. Davenhall, M.J. Irwin, H.T. MacGillivray. MNRAS SCOS | |326, 1315, 2001 and references therein. Positions from SuperCOSMOS SCOS | |scans of sky survey plates. Tycho-2 provided reference stars. SCOS |*|Standard deviation 0.2 arcsec for B_J brighter than 19, 0.3 arcsec SCOS | |for B_J brighter than 22 -- for stellar images, of course. SCOS |=|2001MNRAS.326.1315H SDP | |S.D. Peterson. Astron. J. 78, 811, 1973. Markarian 1 - 507. SDP |*|Standard deviation 6-8 arcsec. SDP |=|1973AJ.....78..811P SESO | |A. Acker, F. Ochsenbein, B. Stenholm, R. Tylenda, J. Marcout, and SESO | |C. Schohn. The Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary SESO | |Nebulae (Garching: ESO), 1992. A few positions quoted by Condon and SESO | |Kaplan, ApJS 117, 361, 1998 (source CK, which see), and by Brian SESO | |Skiff. SESO |*|Standard deviation unknown, but probably a few arcsec. SESO |=|Cat. V/84 SGC | |Southern Galaxy Catalogue (Corwin et al. 1985), not from ESOB: visual SGC | |micrometric measurements (primarily Porter 1911), or my own SGC | |measurements on PSS or SSS plates/prints/films. SGC |*|Standard deviation 5-6 arcsec or better. SGC |=|Cat. VII/116 SGsv | |Steve Gottlieb, private communication. Positions for a few IC objects SGsv | |estimated from SkyView images. SGsv |*|Standard deviation 3-4 arcsec at a guess. SHM | |Kathleen Spellman, George Helou, and Barry Madore (PASP 101, 360, SHM | |1989). SGC galaxies without ESO positions. N = 372 SHM |*|Standard deviation 6-8 arcsec. SHM |=|1989PASP..101..360S SIB | |Solon I. Bailey, HA 60, 1908. List of the 263 largest, brightest SIB | |nebulae and clusters. Several IC objects here. Positions given to SIB | |1 arcmin only; sufficient for identification. SIB |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcmin. SIMB | |SIMBAD's adopted position for planetary nebulae (Acker et al, 1996 SIMB | |version of the Strasbourg Catalogue, CDS catalogue number V/100), SIMB | |quoted by B.A. Skiff. SIMB |*|Standard deviation around one arcsec. SIMB |=|Cat. V/100 SJL | |A. Sandqvist, S. Jorsater, and P. Lindblad. A&A 110, 336, 1982. SJL | |Position for NGC 1365 quoted in S. Jorsater and G.A. van Moorsel, AJ SJL | |110, 2037. SJL |*|Standard deviation quoted as 4 arcsec. SJL |=|1982A&A...110..336S SK | |E.P. Smith and N.E. Kassim. AJ 105, 46, 1993. A few optical SK | |positions for 20-cm radio sources. SK |*|Standard deviation probably around 1-2 arcsec. SK |=|1993AJ....105...46S SL | |Brian A. Skiff, measured on plates taken by Lampland at Lowell Obs. SL | |PPM stars used for astrometric net. SL |*|Standard deviation around 0.2-0.3 arcsec. SMB | |E. Slezak, G. Mars, A. Bijaoui, C. Balkowski, P. Fontanelli. A&AS 74, SMB | |83, 1988. Galaxies in the "Coma Supercluster", a Palomar Schmidt SMB | |field north-following A1656, but not including it. Precessed from SMB | |equinox 2000.0. SMB |*|Standard deviation around 8-10 arcsec. Large accidental errors have SMB | |been seen. SNp | |To be recovered. Probably a supernova parent galaxy. NGC 673 is one. SP | |E.P. Smith et al. ApJS 104, 287, 1996. UV positions from UIT on SP | |Astro-1 Space Shuttle mission. SP |*|Standard deviation 2 arcsec. SP |=|1996ApJS..104..287S SPC | |Brian A. Skiff, Lowell Observatory PDS scans of 13" Pluto Camera SPC | |(astrograph) plates, 1988 - 89. ESGC galaxies. Also miscellaneous SPC | |positions measured on the same series of plates. SPC |*|Standard deviation 2-3 arcsec. SPF | |Ditto, but on 18-inch Palomar Schmidt films taken by Gene and SPF | |Caroline Shoemaker for their asteroid search. SPF |*|Standard deviation is about 1 arcsec. SPL | |S.P. Langley in Harvard Annals 8, Part 1, p. 62, 1882. Nominal SPL | |position for NGC 3355; nothing is there. SPL |*|Standard deviation meaningless. SPL |=|1882AnHar...8...62L SPP | |Ditto, but on PSS prints or plates. SPP |*|Standard deviation is around 1 arcsec. STMW | |S.E. Schneider, T.X. Thuan, C. Magri, and J.E. Wadiak. Ap. J. Suppl. STMW | |72, 245, 1990. UGC lsb galaxies. STMW |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. STMW |=|1990ApJS...72..245S STMM | |S.E. Schneider, T.X. Thuan, C. Magri, and J. Miller. Ap. J. Suppl. STMM | |81, 5, 1992. UGC lsb galaxies. Many positions were apparently taken STMM | |from DC, FT, RGMH, and STMW without acknowledgment; I've removed STMM | |these. STMM |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. STMM |=|1992ApJS...81....5S SW | |Stephen Shawl and Raymond White, A.J. 91, 312, 1986. Positions of SW | |109 galactic globular clusters. SW |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec. SW |=|1986AJ.....91..312S SWX | |D.A. Smith and A.S. Wilson. ApJ, 557, 180, 2001. X-ray position for SWX | |the Circinus galaxy from a Chandra ACIS map. SWX |*|Standard deviation = 0.1 arcsec. SWX |=|2001ApJ...557..180S SVD | |Schuyler Van Dyk, private communication. NGC 150. SVD |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec. T4 | |W. Tempel. n = list number. Micrometric positions precessed from T4 | |Tempel's equinox, typically around 1880. T4 |*|Standard deviation probably a few arcsec. T5 | |W. Tempel. n = list number. Micrometric positions precessed from T5 | |Tempel's equinox, typically around 1880. T5 |*|Standard deviation probably a few arcsec. T9 | |W. Tempel. n = list number. Micrometric positions precessed from T9 | |Tempel's equinox, typically around 1880. T9 |*|Standard deviation probably a few arcsec. TDM | |Tom DeMary, open cluster positions from USNO A2.0 displayed with TDM | |HyperSky, eyeball centers, precessed from J2000.0. TDM |*|Standard deviations between about 10 arcsec to 1-2 arcmin, depending TDM | |on cluster size. TE | |Thomas Espin, MNRAS 54, 327, 1894; and AN No. 3633, 1900. Fifteen TE | |"nebulae" or clusters in MN, seven nebulae in AN. TE | |Positions estimated from BD charts, used only for objects not found. TE |*|Standard deviations meaningless. TE |=|1894MNRAS..54..327E TH | |Turner, J.L. and Ho, P.T.P. ApJ, 421, 122, 1994. 2- and 6-cm nuclear TH | |continuum sources in 8 spiral galaxies. TH |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec, except for NGC 5194 where it is 0.1 TH | |arcsec. TH |=|1994ApJ...421..122T TH1 | |Turner, J.L. and Ho, P.T.P. ApJ, 268, L79, 1983. 2- and 6-cm nuclear TH1 | |sources in 3 spiral galaxies. TH1 |*|Standard deviation about an arcsec. TH1 |=|1983ApJ...268L..79T THB | |Turner, J.L, Ho, P.T.P., and Beck, S.C. AJ 116, 1212, 1998. 2- and THB | |6-cm continuum observations of NGC 5253. THB |*|Standard deviation a few tenths of an arcsec. THB |=|1998AJ....116.1212T THS | |T. H. Safford, from IC. Used only when the object is unrecoverable. THS |*|Standard deviation meaningless TML | |J.H. Taylor, R.N. Manchester, A.G. Lyme. ApJS 88, 529, 1993. Pulsar TML | |catalogue. J2000.0 positions precessed to B1950.0 for a few pulsars TML | |associated with SNRs (e.g. Crab pulsar = NGC 1952). TML |*|Standard deviation 0.5 arcsec or better. TML |=|Cat. VII/156 TVP | |Tully, R.B., Verheijen, M.A.W., Pierce, M.J., Huang, J.-S., and TVP | |Wainscoat, R.J. Ursa Major Cloud members, from GSC stars on CCD TVP | |images. TVP |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec. Ty2 | |E. Hog et al. A&A 355, 27L, 2000. Tycho-2 positions, primarily for Ty2 | |individual stars, but some planetaries (courtesy of Brian Skiff), too. Ty2 |*|Standard deviation 0.007 arcsec for stars brighter than V = 9, 0.06 Ty2 | |for fainter stars. Ty2 |=|Cat. I/259 UA10 | |USNO-A1.0. From scans of original sky survey plates by USNO team UA10 | |headed by D. Monet. UA10 |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 arcsec for stars, 1-2 arcsec for extended UA10 | |objects (e.g. galaxies) larger than about an arcmin. UA10 |=|Cat. I/243 UA20 | |USNO-A2.0. From scans of original sky survey plates by USNO team UA20 | |headed by D. Monet; reprocessing of A1.0 to put it on ICRS. UA20 |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec for stars, 1-2 arcsec for extended UA20 | |objects (e.g. galaxies) larger than about an arcmin, probably around UA20 | |0.4 - 0.5 arcsec for smaller galaxies. UA20 |=|Cat. I/252 UB10 | |USNO-B1.0. From scans of original sky survey plates by USNO team UB10 | |headed by D. Monet. Pretty much like USNO-A1.0, but includes proper UB10 | |motions and star/non-star classifications. UB10 |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec for stars, 1-2 arcsec for extended UB10 | |objects (e.g. galaxies) larger than about an arcmin, probably around UB10 | |0.4 - 0.5 arcsec for smaller galaxies. UB10 |=|Cat. I/284 UCA1 | |USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog (preliminary edition) "UCAC1". UCA1 | |N. Zacharias, et al, CD-ROM (Washington: USNO), March 2000. A few UCA1 | |bright galaxies are included. This extends from the south equatorial UCA1 | |pole to about -20 deg, and has now been completely replaced by UCAC2, UCA1 | |which see. UCA1 |*|Standard deviation "20 mas for stars in the magnitude range R = 9-14.5 UCA1 | |and about 70 mas at the limiting magnitude of 16." UCA1 |=|Cat. I/268 UCA2 | |USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog (second edition) "UCAC2". N. Zacharias, UCA2 | |S.E. Urban, M.I. Zacharias, G.L. Wycoff, D.M. Hall, M.E. Germain, E.R. UCA2 | |Holdenreid, and L. Winter. AJ 127, 3043, 2004. This completely UCA2 | |replaces UCAC1 and extends it north to at least +40 deg, and up to UCA2 | |+50 deg at some RAs. UCA2 |*|Standard deviation "20 mas for stars in the magnitude range R = 9-14.5 UCA2 | |and about 70 mas at the limiting magnitude of 16." UCA2 |=|Cat. I/294 UGCo | |UGC Notes offset (from UGC galaxies with a precise positions) in UGCo | |arcmin and position angle converted to delta RA and delta Dec. UGCo |*|Standard deviation about 6-8 arcsec (also depends on accuracy of UGCo | |position used as reference). UJ10 | |UJ 1.0. From scans of short-exposure IIIa-J POSS-2 plates by USNO, UJ10 | |courtesy of D. Monet. UJ10 |*|Standard deviation about 0.3 arcsec for stars, 1-2 arcsec for extended UJ10 | |objects (galaxies). UJ10 |=|Cat. I/243 USNO | |See K.J. Johnston, et al, AJ 110, 880, 1995 for background. The USNO | |positions actually used come from USNO's 1996-11 solution, downloaded USNO | |in January 1997 from their public ftp partition. VLBI radio reference USNO | |sources. These define the FK5 radio reference frame. Precessed from USNO | |J2000.0 to B1950.0 using J. Bennett's IPAC precession/conversion USNO | |routines. USNO |*|Standard deviation better than 3 milliarcseconds in all cases, and USNO | |better than 1 milliarcsec in most cases. Accuracy on this level is USNO | |destroyed by the precession program. Can ANY precession routine do USNO | |justice to these positions? UW | |J.S. Ulvestad and A.S. Wilson. ApJ 343, 659, 1989. 2, 6, and 20 cm UW | |VLA observations of Seyfert nuclei. n = 27. UW |*|Standard deviation around 0.2 arcsec. UW |=|1989ApJ...343..659U UWS | |J.S. Ulvestad, A.S. Wilson, and R.A. Sramek. AJ 247, 419, 1981. 1.465 UWS | |GHz and/or 4.885 GHz VLA observations of Seyfert nuclei. n = 16. UWS |*|Standard deviation 0.1-0.3 arcsec. UWS |=|1981ApJ...247..419U UZC | |The Updated Zwicky Catalogue. E. Falco, et al. PASP, 111, 438, 1999. UZC | |GSC or DSS positions for about 19,000 CGCG galaxies with m_p <= 15.5, UZC | |plus a few hundred other galaxies. The original list had many UZC | |misidentifications and stars included. These have been mostly UZC | |removed in the published version. UZC |*|Standard deviation around 1-1.5 arcsec. UZC |=|1999PASP..111..438F vdH+ | |J.M. van der Hulst, P.C. Crane, and W.C. Keel. AJ 86, 1175, 1981. vdH+ | |6 cm VLA observations of spiral galaxy nuclei. vdH+ |*|Standard deviation 0.3 or 0.8 arcsec. vdH+ |=|1981AJ.....86.1175V vdK1 | |P.C. van der Kruit. A&A 15, 110, 1971. 21.2-cm positions for 13 vdK1 | |galaxies. vdK1 |*|Standard deviation about 2 arcsec. vdK1 |=|1971A&A....15..110V vdK2 | |P.C. van der Kruit. A&A 29, 231 and 249, 1973. 21.2-cm positions for vdK2 | |bright galaxies. N3556 position interpolated from contours in Fig. 6 vdK2 | |of vdK3 by me. vdK2 |*|Standard deviation less than 1 arcsec (except for N3556; that is vdK2 | |probably 3-4 arcsec). vdK2 |=|1973A&A....29..231V vdK3 | |P.C. van der Kruit. A&A 29, 231 and 249, 1973. 21.2-cm positions for vdK3 | |bright galaxies. N3556 position interpolated from contours in Fig. 6 vdK3 | |of vdK3 by me. vdK3 |*|Standard deviation less than 1 arcsec (except for N3556; that is vdK3 | |probably 3-4 arcsec). vdK3 |=|1973A&A....29..249V Vig | |Vigotti, M., Grueff, G., Perley, R., Clark, B.G., Bridle, A.H. Vig | |AJ 98, 419, 1989. Radio sources measured on POSS prints w.r.t. AGK3 Vig | |stars. Vig |*|Standard deviations about 0.7 arcsec for stellar images, probably Vig | |several arcsec for things like M51. Vig |=|1989AJ.....98..419V V | |Veron, P. ApJ 144, 861, 1966. Radio sources. V |*|Standard deviation about 1 arcsec. V |=|1966ApJ...144..861V VC | |de Vaucouleurs and Corwin, ApJ 295, 287, 1985. M31 from several VC | |astrometric sources. VC |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec. VC |=|1985ApJ...295..287D VCC | |B. Bingelli, A. Sandage, and G. A. Tammann. A.J. 90, 1681, 1985. VCC | |Virgo Cluster Catalog. VCC |*|Standard deviation about 10 arcsec. VCC |=|1985AJ.....90.1681B VHSW | |S.D. Van Dyk, S.D. Hyman, R.A. Sramek, and K.W. Weiler. IAU Circular VHSW | |6045. VLA 6- and 20-cm position for NGC 6946. VHSW |*|Standard deviation probably 0.2-0.3 arcsec. VHSW |=|1994IAUC.6045....1V VL | |G. de Vaucouleurs and R. Leach. PASP 93, 190, 1981. M31 and M33. VL |*|Standard deviation about 0.2 arcsec. VL |=|1981PASP...93..190D VPC | |C.K. Young and M.J. Currie. A&AS 127, 367, 1998. The Virgo VPC | |Photometry Catalogue. Positions taken from RC3 removed. VPC |*|Standard deviation 3-4 arcsec. VPC |=|1998A&AS..127..367Y VPD | |M.B. Vila, A. Pedlar, R.D. Davies, E. Hummel, and D.J. Axon. MNRAS VPD | |242, 379, 1990. 20- and 6-cm positions for bright Sbc galaxies. VPD |*|Standard deviation 0.3 arcsec when given to 0.1 arcsec, 2-3 arcsec VPD | |when given to 1 arcsec. VPD |=|1990MNRAS.242..379V VPS | |G. Vettolani, G. Palumbo, and N. Santagata. A&AS 64, 247, 1986. VPS | |CGCG galaxies, Paper 1. From machine readable files sent by G. VPS | |Palumbo. VPS |*|Standard deviation depends on size of galaxy, varies from 1 arcsec to VPS | |5 arcsec. VPS |=|1986A&AS...64..247V VPS1 | |Ditto, for CGCG fields 502-5. Typed by me. VPS1 |*|Standard deviation depends on size of galaxy, varies from 1 arcsec to VPS1 | |5 arcsec. VV1 | |Veron, M.P. and Veron, P. A&A 42, 1, 1975 and A&AS 29, 149, 1977. VV1 | |Radio sources. VV1 |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec. VV1 |=|1975A&A....42....1V VV2 | |Veron, M.P. and Veron, P. A&A 42, 1, 1975 and A&AS 29, 149, 1977. VV2 | |Radio sources. VV2 |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec. VV2 |=|1975A&A....42....1V VVAG | |Veron, M.P., Veron, P., Adgie, R.L., and Gent, H. A&A 59, L19, 1976. VVAG | |Radio sources. VVAG |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec. VVAG |=|1977A&A....59L..19W Win | |A. Winnecke, Strassburg Annals, Vol. 3, 1909. Micrometric Win | |measurements of several hundred NGC objects, re-reduced using modern Win | |positions for the reference stars. Win |*|Standard deviation 1-2 arcsec at a guess. Wolf | |Max Wolf, AN 4082 = AN 171, 27, 1906. Nominal position for IC 1831, Wolf | |currently a lost object. Wolf |*|Standard deviation meaningless. Wolf |=|1906AN....171...27W WDP | |W.D. Pence, thesis (1981). NGC 253. WDP |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec. WF | |Wilhelmina P. Fleming, Harvard Annals 60 and references therein. WF | |"Stars" with emission lines; most are PNe or -- in the LMC -- HII WF | |regions. Positions used only when the object cannot be positively WF | |identified (e.g. IC 1292). Original positions were given to 0.1 WF | |minute and 1 arcmin. (Also see source WPF.) WF |*|Standard deviation meaningless, but the identified nebulae have WF | |positions typically good to 1-2 arcmin. WGT | |W.G. Tifft, Probably Coma Cluster or double galaxies (I've lost the WGT | |reference; check AJ's or ApJ's). WGT |*|Standard deviation a few arcsec at a guess. WH | |W. Herschel, Collected Papers (ed. Dreyer, 1912). Offsets reduced WH | |w.r.t. modern positions for reference stars. Used only for objects WH | |not recovered on the sky surveys (e.g. NGC 421, NGC 4317, etc). WH |*|Standard deviation is meaningless. WK | |W. Keel, reported in CCR (which see). NGC 992. WK |*|Standard deviation better than 1 arcsec. WKF | |P.A. Woudt, R.C. Kraan-Korteweg, A.P. Fairall, H. Bohringer, WKF | |V. Cayatte, and I.S. Glass. A&A, in press, 1998. WKF |*|Standard deviation unknown, probably a few arcsec. WKF |=|1998A&A...338....8W WM | |A. S. Wilson and E. J. A. Meurs (A&ASuppl. 33, 407, 1978) Seyferts. WM | |N = 7. WM |*|Standard deviation around 0.2 arcsec. WM |=|1978A&AS...33..407W WMe | |Wilson and Meurs, as above, but image noted as "large or asymmetric, WMe | |so the errors are typically a few arcsec." WMe |*|Standard deviation around 3 arcsec at a guess. WPF | |Wilhelmina P. Fleming, Harvard Circulars No. 32 and 60. Various NGC WPF | |and IC objects found on Harvard plates. WPF |*|Standard deviation 10-15 arcsec. WR | |W. Romanishin. AJ, Aug 1990. LSB galaxies. WR |*|Standard deviation around 3 arcsec. WR |=|1990AJ....100..373R WS | |Wolfgang Steinicke. Positions for NGC/IC objects from RealSky. WS | |Identifications corrected when known wrong, flagged with a question WS | |mark when WS position is different from another position and an WS | |investigation is not yet done. Declinations are systematically south WS | |by 2 arcsec. WS |*|Standard deviation 3 arcsec or better. WU1 | |A.S. Wilson and J.S. Ulvestad, ApJ 260, 56, 1982. 6 and 20 cm WU1 | |position for NGC 5548. WU1 |*|Standard deviation 0.2 arcsec. WU1 |=|1982ApJ...260...56W WU2 | |A.S. Wilson and J.S. Ulvestad, ApJ 275, 8, 1983. 6 and 20 cm position WU2 | |for NGC 1068. WU2 |*|Standard deviation 0.2 arcsec. WU2 |=|1983ApJ...275....8W WW | |A.S. Wilson and A.G. Willis, ApJ 240, 429, 1980. 6-cm positions for WW | |Seyfert nuclei. WW |*|Standard deviation 0.4 arcsec. WW |=|1980ApJ...240..429W WWB | |Wynn-Williams and E. Becklin. ApJ 290, 108, 1985. Optical (Johnson WWB | |V) position for NGC 2903 quoted in VPD. WWB |*|Standard deviation better than 1 arcsec. WWB |=|1985ApJ...290..108W WWD | |D. & B. Wills and J. Douglas. AJ 78, 521, 1973. Optical positions WWD | |for radio sources. WWD |*|Standard deviation about 0.5 arcsec. WWD |=|1973AJ.....78..521W WYC | |A.S. Wilson, Y. Yang, and G. Cecil. ApJ 560, 689, 2001. 20-cm WYC | |nuclear source in NGC 4258. WYC |*|Standard deviation 0.1 arcsec. WYC |=|2001ApJ...560..689W YOF | |N. Yasuda, S. Okamura, and M. Fukugita. ApJS 96, 359, 1995. YOF | |Optical positions for spirals in Virgo. YOF |*|Standard deviation 0.9 arcsec. YOF |=|1995ApJS...96..359Y YZYH | |Q.R. Yuan, Z.H. Zhu, Z.L. Yang, and X.T. He, A&AS, 115, 267, 1996. YZYH | |APM positions for IRAS galaxies in Virgo. YZYH |*|Standard deviation around 1-2 arcsec. YZYH |=|1996A&AS..115..267Y ZGT | |F. Zwicky, H. Gates, and D. Taylor, unpublished ONR Report, 1955. ZGT |*|Standard deviation around 5-7 arcsec at a guess. ZH | |F. Zwicky and E. Herzog (CGCG II, p. 319). Special Coma Cluster map ZH | |and table. ZH |*|Standard deviation around 10 arcsec. ZH |=|Cat.VII/190........ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------